Lecture 4: Fungi

Question 1

what is the shared derived trait of fungi

Answer 1

absorptive heterotrophs

Question 2

decomposers

Answer 2

absorb nutrients from non lving organic material

Question 3

parasites

Answer 3

absorb nutrients from cells of living hosts

Question 4

mutualist

Answer 4

absorb nutrients from host organisms, but reciprocate to hosts benffit

Question 5

what are the two main types of fungi

Answer 5

multicellular, and unicellular

Question 6

describe multi cellular fungi

Answer 6

hypha: long, branched thread like filaments

nasic building blocks of fungus body
tubular cell wall that surrounds plasma membrane

enlogate -> allow fungus to expand to new source

Question 7

chitinous cell wall ( shared derived trait)

Answer 7

chitin: N - containing polysaccharide

strong and flexible
very durable

not many things have chitin

in cell walls unique to fungi ( no there cell walls on earth)

Question 8

chytrids

Answer 8

1. phylum chytridiomycota
2. terrestrial, freshwater, marine
3. unique flagellated spores -> zoopores ( have flagella) basal lineage

Question 9

zygomyctes

Answer 9

1. phylum zygomycotes ( zygospores)
2. mostly decomposers in soil
3. exapmle - black bread mold ( cant cut off moldy part)

Question 10

glomeromyctes

Answer 10

1. phylum glomeromycota
2. form mycorrhizae
3. mutualism present > 80% of plants

Question 11

ascomytes

Answer 11

1. phylum ascomycota (ascospores)
2. largest number of known species (-65k)
3. very diverse - uni and multicellular
4. examples:
   a. penicillium -> penicillin
   b. morels and truffles
   c. bakers/brewers yeast -> bread beer wine
   d. component of lichens

Question 12

basidomyctes

Answer 12

1. Phylum basidiomycota ( basidiospores
2. many familar fungi
   a. bracket fungi
   b. puff balls
   c. wheat rust, corn smut
   d. edible mushrooms
3. all sexual