Lecture 6

Question 1

Shrubs

Answer 1

Sparrow’s egg lady slipper, found along the edge of the river.

Question 2

Ninebark

Answer 2

more northern indicator plant

Question 3

Willows

Answer 3

mediu, sized shrub willows, different from the dwarf ones found in the tundra.

Question 4

Wolf Willow/Silverberry

Answer 4

dominant shrubs in the hbl, habitats for birds.

Question 5

Poplars

Answer 5

pioneer species

Question 6

Flowers

Answer 6

found deeper in the forest, not indicator species, only here because river provides habitat for trees, trees provide habitat for flowers.

Question 7

Bunchberry

Answer 7

Explosive reproduction. Coniferous forest plant, found along the edge of the rivers.

Question 8

Black backed woodpecker

Answer 8

most northern woodpecker. Males and females take turns during the day incubating the eggs, males incubate all night.

Question 9

Gray Jay

Answer 9

common in the boreal forest, stores food everywhere to survive northern winters.

Question 10

Snow shoe hares

Answer 10

mammal that eats spruce needles

Question 11

White winged cross bill

Answer 11

live alongside the rivers because that’s where most of the spruce trees are

Question 12

Red Squirrels

Answer 12

in the hbl because of the spruce trees.

Question 13

Predatory Mammals in the hbl

Answer 13

Fishers, martens, wolverines

Question 14

Attawapiskat River

Answer 14

found in the hbl, rocks are smooth and flat from glaciers. Sedimentary, so when you pour acid on to the rock is effervesces.

Question 15

Sparrows

Answer 15

LeConte’s, Nelson’s,

Question 16

other birds

Answer 16

lesser yellowlegs, short billed dowitchers, semipalmated plovers, least sandpipers,

Question 17

red knot

Answer 17

champion of migration, the rufa species is endangered, fewer than 20,000 left.

Question 18

Jelly fish

Answer 18

found in hb, because there is less salt there than james bay

Question 19

The Sutton Hills

Answer 19

major hills in the hbl, found in the northern part of hbl. Different habitat, important for many things:

• mostly granite
• only real source of relief,
• nesting spaces for golden eagle

Question 20

disjunct population

Answer 20

the main population of the species is located elsewhere. These occur because the population was all one at one time, but the climate changed. These populations are called glacial relics.

Question 21

Rock polypody

Answer 21

grow on the Sutton hills, also a disjunct population

Question 22

Boreal forest

Answer 22

on the Canadian shield, meaning very old acidic rock, either igneous or metamorphic. Lots of continuous forest and relief, 25% of Ontario. Dominated by coniferous trees and very old rocks.

Question 23

Main trees in the boreal forest

Answer 23

1. black spruce (spindly)
2. white spruce (fuller body)
3. balsam fir (skinny)

Question 24

Boreal Forest Site Conditions

Answer 24

• relief provides a better drainage system
• no clay in the Canadian shield so better drainage
• less windy because of the relief
• warmer because it is farther south
• more decomposition, therefore better and richer soil for plant growth
• diversity of glacial deposits