Lecture 18 Flashcards
lake of the woods: tree
Hills oak is found here
Prairie birds found here
Marbled godwits, black billed magpies, western meadowlarks, sandhill cranes, sharp tailed grouse
Prairie plants
prairie crocus and indian paintbrush
Mammals
white tailed jack rabbit, groundhogs, ground squirrels, badgers
Fish eating birds found here
cormorants, Franklin’s gulls, american white pelicans, yellow headed blackbirds
Rock found in the glsl lowland/Ottawa sl lowland
Sedimentary rock, younger than Canadian shield rock. Flat due to sedimentary rock and glacial deposits
Periodic flooding and drawdowns
Important elements of marsh ecology.
Aerobic bacteria
use oxygen to break things down
anaerobic bacteria
do not need oxygen to break things down
Lentic system
slow moving water, dragonflies like to lay their eggs here
Two types of cattails in ON
broad leaf, native species.
narrow leaf, non native species. Hybrid species is spreading throughout ON
How does marsh thing form
Roots get together and interlock, similar to sphagnum moss. They form their own nat, which is grounded, and plants grow on top, marsh ferns are particularly dominant here.
Common flower in cattail marshes
Wild iris
What are cattails food for?
Cattail moth caterpillars
Female muskrats
Sometimes kill neighbouring nests babies. Their tails help with swimming, they are flat from side to side to help with swimming, webbed feet. Use cattail marshes for their lodges, no sticks. Eat more than just plant materials, also eat clams
Birds that loves cattail marshes
Yellow throated warbler, marsh wren, swamp sparrow
Difference between marshes and swamps
swamps have water tolerant trees
Indicator for swamps
Virginia rails, they are very thin and have webbed feet to walk between cattails
Other swamp birds
american coot, pie billed grebe. Both have lobed feet for swimming, feet are drawn forward and toes close when still, toes open to help with swimming.
Submergent plant
greater bladderwort
Smallest flowering plant in the world
duckweed, floating vegetation
Waterlilies
Flowers and leaves float. Stems go down to the bottom, not an emergent or submergent, kind of both.
Common marsh damselflies
marsh bluet
Dragonflies
dominant here because it is a lentic system, dot tailed whiteface is a common kind, 12 spot skimmer, common green darner.
Amphibians
bullfrogs are here year round. Males have eyes smaller than their tempanum. They are not totally freeze tolerant, so they hide in the mud. Northern water snakes and snapping turtles are also found here.
