lecture 5: circulatory system Flashcards
what is the circulatory system
cardiovascular and lymphatic system
what does cardiovascular system consist of
heart
blood vessels
blood
describe how heart is drawn (left and rights)
opposite as hands
so anatomical left and right
right - left
what is function of heart
pumps blood through blood vessels to all parts of body
deliver O2 and nutrients to cells and tissues
remove CO2 and other waste products from cells and tissues
where is heart located in body
more in center
skewed to left - apex (point of heart) toward left hip (heart beat strongest at apex)
between/behind lungs ish
what is the heart wall composed of
mostly muscle
what is the myocardium
layer of cardiac muscle forming the heart wall
why is myocardium of left ventricle so much thicker than other that of right ventricle
left ventricle pumps blood to whole body
needs lots of force to pump blood
right ventricle only pumps to lungs
is deoxygenated blood actually blue
heck no
typically darker red
Identify all structures on heart diagram (anterior, posterior and frontal)
see answers in handwritten notes
name main veins (greater vessels of heart)
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
pulmonary veins (4)
what are the function of veins and arteries
veins = carry blood towards heart
arteries = carry blood away from heart
name main arteries (greater vessels of heart)
pulmonary trunk
aorta
describe superior vena cava
upper body —> right atrium
describe inferior vena cava
lower body —> right atrium
describe pulmonary veins (4)
lungs —> left atrium
describe pulmonary trunk
right ventricle —> lungs
branches into 2 pulmonary arteries
describe aorta
left ventricle —> body
name the all valves
right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve)
left atrioventricular valve (bicuspid (mitral) valve)
pulmonary semilunar valve
aortic semilunar valve
describe AV valves
separate atria and ventricles
prevents blood from flowing into atria from ventricles
unidirectional pumping of blood
when do AV valves close and open
close when ventricles contract
open when ventricles relax
describe semilunar valves
prevent blood flow from arteries to ventricles
when do semilunar valves close and open
close when ventricles relax
open when ventricles contract
what is the function of chordae tendineae
heart stringed
anchor AV valves
stop them from flapping around - helps them
work