Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIOL *1080 > Lecture 5 > Flashcards

Lecture 5 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 dimensions of time

A
  1. Trajectory
  2. Rhythms
  3. Homeostasis or balance
  4. Energy and information
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Definition and time frame for Trajectory

A

Definition: growth, development and aging
Time frame: years, decades

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Definition and time frame for rhythms

A

Definition: maintenance/ repair, other processes
Time frame: Days, weeks, months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Definition and time frame for homeostasis and balance

A

Definition: maintenance of steady state
Time frame: Seconds, minutes, hours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Definition and time frame for energy and information flow

A

Definition: action potential, enzymatic reactions
Time frame: Milliseconds, microseconds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is lifespan vs health

A

Lifespan = how long do I have to live

Health span = how long will I be living a healthy and independent life

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the average life and healthspans in Canada

A

Lifespan = 81 yr
Healthspan = 72 yr

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are peoples thoughts about maximizing healthspan

A

Goal of most individuals and societies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are peoples thoughts about maximizing lifespan

A

Various attitudes and practices around the world

Moral, ethical, religious, implications

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the 9 factors of lifespan

A
  1. Weight/ build
  2. Exercise
  3. Sleep
  4. Stress
  5. Education level
  6. Blood total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol
  7. Blood pressure
  8. Smoking
  9. Age of parents and grandparents
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What are biomarkers

A

Indicators of biological state of organism

Used to measure objectively and track aging/disease process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Why are growth markers important in infancy and childhood

A

Infancy and childhood have dramatic changes ikn height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What could be causes for slow and fast growth in infancy and children

A

Slow growth = infectious disease, malnutrition, hormonal problems

Fast growth = hormonal problems (excess GH); overnutrition could affect body weight but likely not height

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 4 main causes for shortening height in adulthood

A
  1. Bone degeneration
  2. Compression fracture
  3. Kyphosis (curving of spine) due to osteoporosis
  4. Disk degeneration/ compression
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

How are height issues found

A

If individual derives from normal biomarkers
- Losing height at greater rate than expected

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of process height

A

Pathological processes

17
Q

What do height issues cause

A

Cause a dependence on healthcare

18
Q

What is sarcopenia

A

Age related loss of muscle mass

19
Q

How much muscle do adults loose per year

A

Up to 1%

20
Q

What are indications of reduced muscle mass in men

A

Associated w decrease in testosterone, IGF-1, inactivity

21
Q

What are indications of reduced muscle mass in women

A

Associated with inactivity and probably estrogen

22
Q

How can you prevent or reverse sarcopenia

A

Resistance training 2,3x per week in each muscle group

Protein can stimulate protein synthesis if doing resistance training (Elderly may need more proteins)

23
Q

What are the 5 requirements of biomarkers

A
  1. Reflect health function or disease processes to predict risk of future development or disease
  2. Have a predictable range across an identifiable category of individuals or must be routinely monitored over time within each individual
  3. Have methods available for accurate and precise measurement
  4. Most markers have normal ranges and diagnostic values if they are too high or low
  5. Biomarker can change during a lifespan
24
Q

What is the meaning of biomarkers

A

When outside range of biomarker may indicate risk for development of disease or actual presence of disease condition

25
Q

What are the two components of the new era of biomarkers

A
  1. Networks within organs are perturbed during disease states
  2. Panels of blood markers (proteins, RNAs, metabolites) provide assessment of perturbed networks and organs

BIOL *1080 (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions