Lecture 3 Flashcards
1
Q
What are the 3 types of studies
A
- Experimental models in health research (Animal models)
- Human studies; basic experimental design (Surveys without intervention. Clinic or not clinical)
- Evidence based medicine
1
Q
Define in silico
A
Simulations with mathematical models/computes
2
Q
Define in vitro
A
In glass - outside of living organisms
3
Q
Define Ex vitro
A
Removing something from a living organism (Ex. dissecting the heart from a rat and studying it)
4
Q
Define in vivo
A
Animal Model
5
Q
What are the 4 experimental models in human research
A
- In silico
- In vitro and ex vitro models
- In vivo
- Human participants
6
Q
Explain in silico experimental model
A
Done in early stages of understanding impact on health
7
Q
Explain in vitro and ex vitro experimental model
A
- Cell culture, isolated tissues/organs
- Examples. Isolated and perfused (and beating) heart, growing skin (epidermis), transformed cancer cells, culturing cells, isolating rate soleus for incubators
- Cells do not have to be animal cells, can be human cells
- Allows for controlled experimental conditions
- Understand fundamental mechanisms
8
Q
Explain in vivo experimental model
A
Rats, pigs
9
Q
Explain human participants experimental model
A
- Using done last, hypothesis and generated for human trials
- Someones done first if few ethical risks or lots of prior research
10
Q
Explain preclinical vs clinical trials
A
Preclinical testing = in vitro, ex vitro, in vivo
Clinical testing = humans
11
Q
What are the 2 main purposes of in vitro and ex vivo research
A
- Allows for more controlled experiment conditions
- Understanding fundamental mechanisms
