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BIOL *1080 > Lecture 15 > Flashcards

Lecture 15 Flashcards

1
Q

Does the cardiac cycle every end

A

No, never ending loop

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2
Q

Define: atrial systole

A

Atrial systole: top chambers contract sending blood to the ventricles

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3
Q

Define Ventricular Systole

A

Ventricular Systole: bottom chambers contracting sending blood elsewhere

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4
Q

Is the blood in the aorta oxygenated or deoxygenated

A

Blood in aorta has always been oxygenated

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5
Q

Define diastole

A

Period of rest between contractions (diastole)

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6
Q

What is the importance of diastole

A

Gives heart time to relax, fill with blood, and get ready for next cycle

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7
Q

What is a healthy BP

A

Healthy blood pressure is 120/80

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8
Q

When is systolic blood pressure recorded

A

During the contraction of the heart

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9
Q

What can systole BP be explained as

A

Ex. think of the pressure on the wall of the hole when a hose is turned on

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10
Q

When is diastolic BP recorded

A

When the heart is passively filling with blood after a contraction

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11
Q

What is the diastolic BP AKA

A

AKA the afterloud

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12
Q

Are doctors more focused on the systolic or diastolic BP

A

Disatolic

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13
Q

Why are doctors more focused on diastolic BP

A

– Pressure needs to surpass diastolic blood pressure to allow blood to pass through heart
– Too high level means heart is overworking

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14
Q

When does your heart work most on least

A

Your heart works harder in exercise and less hard in rest

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15
Q

What do neural and endocrine signals control

A

Neural and endocrine signals control strength and rate of heart reactions

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16
Q

If the body does not need lots of oxygen, what will it do

A

If your body does not need lots of oxygen, acetylcholine will reduce HR

17
Q

If the body needs lots of oxygen what will it do AND what are the results from this

A

If your body needs lots of oxygen, norepinephrine and epinephrine will increase HR and strength of contraction

  • Increases stroke volume
  • Increases cardiac output
  • Higher cardiac output = more oxygen to blood = more energy
18
Q

What can a max HR be

A

Heart rate can increase to nearly 200 bpm

19
Q

How does cardiac output change from rest to excerise

A

Cardiac output can increase from 5L to 25L
– 40L/ minute in elite athletes

20
Q

What do cardiac muscles called

A

Cardiomyocytes

21
Q

How do caridomyocytes interact

A

Communicate through gap junctions to act as single organism

22
Q

What is the role of the SA node

A

SA node is the pacemaker - sends electrical impulse leading to heart beat

23
Q

How many beats does the SA node send per min

A

Sends 100 beats per minute

24
Q

What acts on the SA node

A

Parasynthetic and synthetic nervous system act on node to control heart rate

25
Q

How are impulses by the Sa node communicated to the rest of the heart

A

Cardiomyocytes near node get signal and send it to nearby cardiomyocytes

When the AV node gets the signal, it sends it down the Bundle of His

26
Q

How does the bundle of his break down

A

Bundle of his split into right and left branches , breaking into nerves

27
Q

What does misscommunication in the heart typically lead to

A

Typically results in arrhythmia

28
Q

What are the 4 results from miscommunication in the heart

A

1, Abnormal sinoatrial (SA) node firing
2. Blockage in sequential pathway
3. Fibrillations
4. Ventricular fillribulation of V-fib

29
Q

Explain Abnormal sinoatrial (SA) node firing

A

Could be firing at different rates

Firing a lot faster than it should (tachycardia)
Firing a lot slower than it should (Bradycardia)

30
Q

Explain blockage in sequential pathway

A

Severity can change by location of blockage

Blockage in AV node can allow down and prevent signal propagation to atria and ventricles

Not immediate death as ventricles can conduct independently (contract at 40 bmp do to bundle of His)

31
Q

Explain Fibrillations

A

When cardiomyocytes are randomly depolarizing in atria

Many fireworks happening in atria

Atria not acting in unified matter causing quivering or irregular HR

Ventricles can still act independently

32
Q

Explain V-fib

A

Considered serious cardiac rhythm disturbance

Distance of blood deliveries

Can lead to death

BIOL *1080 (19 decks)

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