Lecture 2 Flashcards
Is every human a unique biological system
Yes
- Emergent properties make each adult human unique despite remarkable genetic similarity
- 99.9% genetic homology (same genetics)
What are emergent properties
- Make us all unique
- A property that a complex or collective system has but individual members do not have
Whats an example of emergent properties
Ant colonies: Exhibit emergent behavior as acting as one, even though each follow their own rules and instructions
Four components of control and communication network
- Central nervous system
- Peripheral nervous system
- Endocrine system
- Support and defense system
Whats involved in the central nervous system
Brian and spinal cord
Whats involved in the peripheral nervous system
- Somatic (voluntary) nervous system - ex. itching
- Automatic (involuntary) nervous system - ex. digesting
Whats involved in the endocrine system
- Endocrine tissues and exocrine glands
- Hormones
Whats involved in the support and defense system
Support, movement, maintenance, repair, adaption defenses (specific and not specific)
What are properties of the CCN
- Controls and coordinates function of all physiological systems and individual organs, including itself
- Always ‘on” despite conscious or unconscious
- Distributed throughout entire body
- Each component of the network has multiple functions; the network has redundancy
- Information flow within the network is via chemical-based, cell-cell communication
– Mind is not separate from body, emotions and thoughts and biochemically based
– Four major CNN components are not separable
What is the CNN integrators of in an adult human
- Integrator of inputs to heath, disease and aging
– Genetics, environment, and lifestyle - Integrator of output to seven dimensions of health
– Spiritual, physical, mental, social, emotional, environmental, occupational (ex. shift workers have worse health due to sleep patterns thrown off)
What diseases result from diminished/abnormal functions of the CCN
- Diabetes, atherosclerosis - endocrine, support, and defense system
- Cancer, autoimmune disease - support and defense
- Depression, ADHD - central nervous system
What functions does the CNN reduce with aging
- Impaired memory, alzheimer - Central Nervous System
- Diminished tough sensitivity - Peripheral Nervous System
- Impaired wound healing capacity - Support and defense system
What does SB integrate
INTEGRATED approach to health, disease, and again should enhance medical and healthcare practice
What are the 4 pillars of P4 medicine
- Personalized
- Predictive
- Preventive
- Participatory
P4 - explain personalized approach
Personalized approach, knowing which drug is best due to genetic info
P4 - explain predictive approach
Predictive - predict risk of diseases due to current health
P4 - explain preventive approach
Preventive - different than reactive medicine approach, intervening earlier in life before issue approaches
P4 - explain participatory approach
Participatory - getting patients involved in their health. Someone as a patient has to make changes to participate in their own health
What are the 7 characteristics of life
- Responses to the environment (how food, activity, drugs impact our health)
- Growth and change
- Ability to reproduce
- Have a metabolism and breathe
- Maintain homeostasis
Incredibly critical to life - Being made of cells
- Passing traits onto offspring (Eye colour)
Who is Robert Sapolsky
- Neurologist and primatologist
- Explores long-term health impact of stress (long term stress exposure contributes to mental health risk)
- Investigate how culture/society influence our moral compass
Whats an example of personalized integrative medicine
23andMe
What are the issues with personalized integrative medicine
- Very little regulation with genetic testing (causing lots of misinformation in companies)
- Ethical concern as information is provided right to consumer instead of through healthcare professional( People make strong decisions about health, based on information from kit)
- Issues with results leading to genetic discrimination, specifically to insurance companies
What are humans controlled by
We are controlled by a “control and communication network” information flow is chemical based
Why is the CCN so important
This network is a focal point and integrator of our health. Deterioration of this network occurs with disease and aging
Explain the P4 approch
P4 medicine involves a systems biology approach to health, as well as a more “individual” approach. There are some things we can not reliably predict, so beware of false claims
