Lecture 4- Visual Development Flashcards
Infant looking preferences show babies have a bias for
- High contrast images
- ‘Face like’ stimuli
Visual acuity at birth is
- Poor
- But the general pattern for CSF is similar to adults
When do infants have 20/20 vision
36 months
People born with cataracts and have them removed react how to two faces with different spatial configuration
Take longer to differentiate, impaired face perception
Magnocellular (parasol)
- Motion
- Luminance
- Low sf
Parvocellular (midget)
- Colour
- High sf
Colour discrimination half with every
Doubling of age
The ratio of input of the cones along a lifespan is
The same
Infants from age 4-6 months group colour
Categorically
Can very young children perceive depth
Yes
In newborn infants, the integration between perception and action is
Not perfect
Young children have some of the individual skills for
Size constancy
Young children don’t necessarily integrate across
Visual clues
Perceptual narrowing
Experience or lack of experience shapes perceptual experience
i.e. refinement
In infants there is a refinement of perception based on
Visual experience in the first year of life
Nature scenes have what spatial frequencies
S(f)
1/f distribution of spatial frequencies
S(f) = 1/f
Neurons in the primary visual cortex have response profiles optimised to process
Nature scene information
Adults are sensitive to
The slope of distributions found in natural scenes
Children are not sensitive to the slope of distributions found in natural scenes till
10 years old because of immaturities in low level vision
Adapting to the spatial frequency of different scene types results in
A change in participants contrast to sensitivity functions
Trypophobic images have an excess of energy at the
- Mid spatial frequencies
- Matches the spectral profile of some hazardous animals
Aesthetics are influenced by
Low level properties of an image
The spectral sensitivities of human colour receptors have evolved to optimally represent
The variation in colour of blood flow and diets of our ancestors
Natural scenes contain the greatest amount of variance along
- One particular direction in colour space.
- This is the way that sunlight and skylight vary
Colour discrimination is poorer along
The negative diagonal of a chromaticity diagram from blue to orange
Natural scene statistics in infancy can impact on
Adult colour perception into adulthood
More ‘natural’ distributions of colour are higher in
Artistic merit
The immaturity of the infant visual system may provide the best learning ground for
Discriminating faces
