Lecture 17- Language And Language Processing Flashcards
What are some arrangements of language
- Patterns of sound (spoken language)
- Patterns of visual marks (written language)
- Patterns of hand positions (sign language)
- Patterns of meaning
Connection between signifier and signified is fundamentally
Arbitrary and different in different languages
What’s an example of non-arbitrariness in language
Sound symbolism (slither)
What are phones (to do with speech)
The Sounds of speech
What are phonemes
A phoneme is a group of phones that are essentially equivalent in a given language, even though they are not exactly the same sound
Letters in alphabetical languages correspond to
Phonemes (not always one to one)
What are some types of written languages
- Alphabet
- Syllabaries
- Logographs
Are sign languages the same as spoken languages
No, they are fully fledged languages
What does ‘one sign’ mean
Something with a fixed meaning
Do phonemes have meaning
No
Words can have
Internal structure
What is morphology
The study of the internal structure of words, with reference to meaning
What are two types of morphemes
- Free morphemes
- Bound morphemes
What types of bound morphemes are there
- Inflectional, add grammatical information (plurals)
- Derivational, change the meaning and or the word category (un, ness, ly)
What is the principle of compositionality
The meaning of a phrase depends upon the structure and meaning of words present