Lecture 4 Nutrient Digestion and Absorption

Question 1

Principal dietary constituents

Answer 1

• Carbohydrate
• Protein
• Fat
• Vitamins
• Minerals
• Water

Question 2

Breakdown products of complex CHO are absorbed where

Answer 2

Small intestine

Question 3

Lactose

Answer 3

Glucose + galactose

Question 4

Sucrose

Answer 4

Glucose + fructose

Question 5

Maltose

Answer 5

Glucose + Glucose

Question 6

Starch and glycogen glucose molecules are linked via

Answer 6

a-1,4 glycosidic bonds

Question 7

Where are the a-1,4 glycosidic bonds in starch hydrolysed

Answer 7

In the pancreas by amylase

Question 8

Cellulose id

Answer 8

Unbranched linear chains of glucose monomers linked by beta 1,4 glycosidic bonds

Question 9

Membrane domains of epithelial surface

Answer 9

Apical and basal lateral

Question 10

What are the epithelial cells separated by

Answer 10

Tight junctions

Question 11

What type of transport occurs across the membrane

Answer 11

Transcellular
Paracellular
Vectorial (needs a minimum of 2 transport proteins)

Question 12

What is a symporter

Answer 12

a transport protein that transports 2 molecules at a time

Question 13

What is SGLT1

Answer 13

a symporter

Question 14

Na binds to symportor which causes a conformational change and

Answer 14

allows glucose to enter the cell

Question 15

Glucose accumulates in the cell until which point

Answer 15

until the concentration is above 5mmol and then it moves via GLUT2 into the blood

Question 16

Na enters the blood by

Answer 16

using ATP to pumpNa out of the cell and K into the cell

Question 17

How does fructose enter the cell

Answer 17

Via Glut5

Question 18

Di and tripeptides are tranposted into the cell how

Answer 18

Using proton force from hydrogen ions via PepT1

Question 19

How does H+ bring in Na into the cell

Answer 19

Via NHE3 which creates a acid microclimate