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Alimentary System > Lecture 15 Upper GI Surgery > Flashcards

Lecture 15 Upper GI Surgery Flashcards

1
Q

Warning signs of oesophageal cancer

A
  • Frequent and persistent hiccups
  • Acid indigestion, heartburn, reflux
  • Difficulty swallowing
  • Constant burping, belching, coughing
  • Pain between shoulder blades
  • Weight loss
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2
Q

Investigations for Oesophageal cancer

A
  • Endoscopy
  • Contrast swallow
  • Staging (TNM) CT chest/abdomen
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3
Q

What are the interventions if the patient is unfit/metastatic- oesophageal cancer

A
  • No further staging required
  • Palliative/Supportive therapy
  • Stenting
  • Palliative radiotherapy
  • Palliative chemo
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4
Q

What are the interventions id the patient is fit/resectable oesophageal cancer

A
  • EUS- T/N stage
  • PET CT- M stage- sometimes metastasis is missed during the CT scan and this imaging may pick it up more clearly
  • Oesophagectomy + Chemotherapy
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5
Q

What are the types of Oesophagectomy

A
  • Ivor Lewis
  • Trans-hiatal
  • Left Thoraco-abdominal
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6
Q

Name modifiable risks of stomach cancer

A 
H. pylori
Alcohol
Smoking
Excessive consumption of salted fish
Pickled vegetables 
Cured meats
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7
Q

Presentation of Stomach cancer

A 
Anaemia
Loss of weight
Anorexia
Recent onset of progressive symptoms
Masses & Malaena/haematemesis
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8
Q

Investigations for stomach cancer

A 
•	Endoscopy
•	Contrast meal
•	Staging
-TNM CT chest/abdomen
-Laparoscopy (key-hole operation)
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9
Q

Treatment for Stomach cancer

A
  • Subtotal Gastrectomy

* Total Gastrectomy reconstruction – Roux-en-Y

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10
Q

What are the two methods of performing a gastrectomy

A

Laparoscopic distal or open

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11
Q

What are the common symptoms of GORD

A
  • Chest pains
  • Painful burning sensation in throat or chest
  • Trouble swallowing or eating food normally
  • Development of sour taste in mouth
  • Wheezing, asthmatic symptoms, chronic coughing, difficulty breathing
  • Excessive salivating
  • Tooth erosion
  • Belching
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12
Q

Causes of GORD

A
  • Hiatus Hernia
  • Sliding Hiatus Hernia
  • Paraesophageal Hiatus Hernia
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13
Q

Investigations for GORD

A
  • Endoscopy

* Oesophageal pH studies and Manometry

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14
Q

Side effect of laparoscopic hiatus hernia repair and fundoplication

A
  • Dysphagia
  • Difficulty to belch and vomit
  • Gast bloating
  • Excess flatulence
  • Diarrhoea
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Alimentary System (39 decks)

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