Lecture 4/Chapter 14

Question 1

What is always the first step?

Answer 1

BSI: Body substance isolation
Also called Standard Precautions
At least wear gloves

Question 2

What occurs after BSI?

Answer 2

Assess the scene and make sure it is safe (use PENMAN)

Question 3

What occurs after scene size-up?

Answer 3

Assess the patient with AVPU

Question 4

What does AVPU mean?

Answer 4

Alert: is the patient tracking you with their eyes
Verbal Stimuli: yell at the patient. Do they respond?
Painful Stimuli: interdigital pressure or nail bed pinch. Do they respond?
Unresponsive: patient is completely unresponsive to all stimuli

Question 5

What do you do after AVPU?

Answer 5

CABs (or ABCs for a responsive patient)

Question 6

What does CAB mean?

Answer 6

Circulation: check the patient’s carotid pulse for 5-10 seconds. No pulse? Call for AED and begin compressions
Airway: check for empty airway
Breathing: check if they are breathing (atonal breaths/gasping is NOT normal breathing)

Question 7

What occurs after CAB?

Answer 7

Call for the AED and begin CPR

Question 8

Where do you place your hands for compression for an adult versus a child/infant?

Answer 8

Adult: Place both hands in the center of the sternum and center of the nipple line
Child/Infant: place two finger in the center of the sternum and center of the nipple line

Question 9

How do you do CPR on an adult?

Answer 9

30 compressions at 100–120 bpm and push down 2-2.4 inches
1 rescuer versus 2 rescuer CPR is the same

Question 10

How do you do CPR on a child?

Answer 10

1 Rescuer: 30 compressions at 100-120 bpm and push down 1.5 to 2 inches deep
2 Rescuer: Instead do 15 compressions

Question 11

How do you do CPR on an infant?

Answer 11

1 Rescuer: 30 compressions at 100-120 bpm and push down 1 to 1.5 inches
2 Rescuer: instead do 15 compressions

Question 12

What do you do in between each set of compressions?

Answer 12

Give 2 breaths to the patient using a BMV

Question 13

How do you use a BMV?

Answer 13

Place the pointy end on the nose and the round end below the lips but NOT below the chin
Use a C-E grip with the C on the mask and E on the chin

Question 14

How do you ventilate an adult versus a child?

Answer 14

Adult: perform and head lift, chin tilt by fulling pulling back the head
Child/Infant: raise chin ONLY enough to straighten airway (too much will block airway even worse)

Question 15

What is rescue breathing?

Answer 15

When the patient regains a pulse but is still not breathing, give one breath every 6 seconds for an adult or one breath every 2-3 seconds for a child/infant

Question 16

What are the two different airways?

Answer 16

Basic: moves the tongue out of the way and continue ventilations normally
Advanced: inserted by paramedic and once inserted, switch to asynchronous CPR

Question 17

What is asynchronous CPR?

Answer 17

Continuous compressions and 1 breath every 6 seconds for an adult or 1 breath every 2-3 seconds for a child/infant

Question 18

How do you use AED?

Answer 18

Turn it on, then listen to the instructions it gives you

Question 19

Where do you place AED pads on an adult?

Answer 19

Under the right clavicle and under the left pec/breast

Question 20

Where do you place AED pads on a child/infant?

Answer 20

One on the front in the middle of the chest and one on the back

Question 21

What are the 5 indications to use an AED?

Answer 21

Pulseless, apneic, adult, pediatric, and infant

Question 22

What are the 3 contradictions to use an AED?

Answer 22

If the patient has a pulse, if the patient is breathing, and if the patient is in a body of water