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DPT 802 NeuroBio > Lecture 4-brainstem > Flashcards

Lecture 4-brainstem Flashcards

1
Q

what makes up the general functions of the brainstem

A

cranial n
ascending/descending pathways
integrative functions: consciousness, vital center

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2
Q

what are basic structures of the brainstem around the cerebral aqueduct and ant to 4th ventricle

A

basilar
tectum
tegmentum

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3
Q

what makes up the basilar and what are the functions

A

descending tracts and pontine nuclei
motor functions

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4
Q

what makes up the tegmentum and what are the functions

A

ascending tract and cranial n nuclei
sensory and head/special sensation

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5
Q

what makes up the tectum and what are the functions

A

only in midbrain, deep nuclei
vision and auditory pathway
reflexive pathway

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6
Q

what functions does the sulcus limitans divide

A

dorsal: sensory
ventral: motor

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7
Q

what cranial n nuclei expands from the midbrain to the spinal cord

A

CN V
mesencephalic nucleus

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8
Q

what CN have 4 different functional components

A

CN VII, IX, X

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9
Q

what CN share the same nuclei as CN V

A

CN VII, IX, X
Ss
Spinal trigeminal nucleus

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10
Q

what CN share the solitary tract

A

CN VII, IX, X
Vs

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11
Q

what CN share the ambiguous nucleus

A

CN IX, X
Sm

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12
Q

Longitudinally, the brainstem can be divided into different divisions and what are the functions

A

basilar= motor
tegmentum= sensory
tectum= vision and auditory

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13
Q

what is in the transverse rostral midbrain

A

superior colliculus
periaqueductal gray
cerebral aqueduct
CN V- mesencephalic nucleus
CN III- edwinger wetphal, somatic motor nucleus
red nucleus
substantia nigra
cerebral punducle

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14
Q

what nucleus is paired with CN V in the rostral and caudal midbrain

A

mesencephalic nucleus

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15
Q

what nucleus is paired with CN III in the rostral midbrain and its function

A

edwinger-westphal- parasympathetic
somatic motor nucleus

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16
Q

what is in the transverse section of caudal midbrain

A

inferior colliculus
periaqueductal gray
cerebral aqueduct
CN IV nucleus
CN V- mesencephalic nucleus
superior cerebellar peduncle

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17
Q

what function does the superior cerebellar peduncle do

A

decussation

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18
Q

what is in the rostral pons transverse section

A

4th ventricle
CN V- motor and principal sensory nuclei
pontine nuclei
middle cerebellar penduncle

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19
Q

what is the function of the middle cerebellar peduncle

A

decussated for corticopontine signals to the cerebellum

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20
Q

what is the location of corticopontine fiber synapses

A

pontine nuclei

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21
Q

what is in the caudal pons transverse section

A

4th ventricle: choriod plexus
CN V- spinal trigeminal nucleus, motor and principal nucleus
CN VI- abducens nucleus
CN VII- facial nucleus
CN VIII- vestibular and cochlear nucleus
CN VII/IX- sup/inf salivary nucleus
sup olivary nucleus

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22
Q

what nuclei do CN VII and CN IX share

A

sup/inf salivary nucleus

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23
Q

what is in the rostral medulla transverse section

A

4th ventricle
olive
pyramid
CN V- spinal trigeminal nucleus
CN VIII- vestibulocochlear nucleus
CN IX/X- ambiguous nucleus
CN X- dorsal motor nucleus
CN XII- nucleus
solitary nucleus
inf cerebellar peduncle

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24
Q

what is the function of the inf cerebellar peduncle

A

restiform body

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25
Q

what is the function of the inf olivary nucleus and where is it

A

olive
axons decussate to contra cerebellum

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26
Q

what houses the corticospinal tract

A

pyramid

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27
Q

what is the function of the ambiguous nucleus

A

somatic motor

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28
Q

what is the function of dorsal motor nuclei

A

visceral motor

29
Q

what is the function of solitary nucleus

A

parasympathetic
visceral sensory

30
Q

what is in the caudal medulla transverse section

A

central canal
CN V- spinal trigeminal nuclei
CN XII nucleus
inf olivary nucleus
pyramid

31
Q

what CN are supported by spinal trigeminal nucleus and what is the function

A

CN VII, IX, X
somatic sensory

32
Q

where does CN V connect on the spinal cord

A

spinal trigeminal nucleus connects to dorsal horn laminae to C2 level

33
Q

where is somatic sensory ascending tract in the brainstem

A

tegmentum

34
Q

what are the 2 ascending tracts for somatic sensory

A

dorsal column medial leminscus
anterolateral spinothalamic

35
Q

what is the DCML tract

A

proprioception, vibration, fine touch

36
Q

what is the anterolateral spinathalamic tract

A

pain, crude touch, temp

37
Q

where is the 3 neuron system of the DCML tract

A

1= DRG
2= middle medulla, decussate
3= VPL

38
Q

where is the 1st order neuron of the DCML tract if sensation is below T6

A

fasciculus gracilis

39
Q

where is the 1st order neuron of the DCML tract if sensation is above T6

A

fasciculus cuneatus

40
Q

once somatic sensory fibers decussate in caudal medulla, what forms

A

medial leminscus

41
Q

how is the somatotopy maintained

A

medial leminscus rotates 180 degs

42
Q

where is the somatic motor descending tract in the brainstem

A

basilar

43
Q

where does rubrospinal and tectospinal tract decussation

A

midbrain

44
Q

what modulates rubrospinal and tectospinal tract

A

descending corticonuclear tract in midbrain

45
Q

what is the function of the rubrospinal tract

A

extremity motor control

46
Q

what is the function of the tectospinal tract

A

postural control

47
Q

what provides parasympathetic motor for the head

A

edinger westphal nucleus- CN III
salivatory nuclei- sup CN VII, ing CN IX

48
Q

what provides parasympathetic motor for thorax and abdomen

A

dorsal nucleus- CN X

49
Q

what provides parasympathetic motor for the abdomen and pelvis

A

pelvic splanchnic n hindgut-pelvis

50
Q

what follows the parasympathetic motor in the brainstem

A

visceral sensory

51
Q

what nuclei/CN provides visceral sensory and what is the function

A

solitary nuclei- CN VII,IX,X
pelvic splanchnic
detects chemical and mechanic stimuli

52
Q

what provides signals into the cerebellum

A

corticopontine tract descend and synapse with pontine nuclei
decussate in pons in middle cerebellar peduncle

53
Q

what. provides signals out of cerebellum

A

sup cerebellar peduncle decussate in caudal midbrain
project to thalamus and into motor cortex
ipsi motor function

54
Q

where is reticular formation diffused in the brianstem

A

along the whole brainstem

55
Q

what is the function of reticular descending tracts

A

motor and sensory functions

56
Q

what tracts make up descending reticular

A

reticulospinal
periaqueductal gray-raphe nuclei

57
Q

what is the function of reticulospinal tract in the descending reticular pathway

A

pontine- postural control
medullary- fine motor

58
Q

what is the function of periaqueductal gray-raphe nuclei in the descending reticular pathway

A

inhibit nociception (pain)

59
Q

what is the function of the ascending reticular

A

arousal and consciousness
maintain sleep-wake cycle

60
Q

what is the signal pathway for ascending reticular

A

brainstem to thalamus to prefontal cortex

61
Q

what happens if forebrain does not have input from brainstem

A

prolong coma

62
Q

Label ABCDEF

A

A- caudate
B- ant limb of internal capsule
C- genu
D- putamen
E- post limb of internal capsule
F- thalamus

63
Q

what is the transverse section of the brainstem

A

rostral midbrain

64
Q

what is the transverse section of the brainstem

A

caudal midbrain

65
Q

what is the transverse section of the brainstem

A

rostral pons

66
Q

what is the transverse section of the brainstem

A

caudal pons

67
Q

what is the transverse section of the brainstem

A

rostral medulla

68
Q

what is the transverse section of the brainstem

A

caudal medulla

DPT 802 NeuroBio (10 decks)

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