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DPT 802 NeuroBio > Lecture 2- ventricular system and blood supply > Flashcards

Lecture 2- ventricular system and blood supply Flashcards

1
Q

what causes folds in the brain

A

different expanding speeds

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2
Q

what is the result of division of telencephalon

A

two hemispheres

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3
Q

what is the result of the invasion of arterioles into the ventricles

A

choroid plexus

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4
Q

what is the result of separation of two telencephalons

A

2 lateral ventricles

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5
Q

what is the result of separation of the telencephalon from the diencephalon

A

3rd ventricle

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6
Q

what is the result of dorsal separation and expansion of metencephalon and myelencephalon

A

4th ventricle

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7
Q

where does the lateral ventricle connect to the brain

A

anterior horn- frontal and limbic
body- frontal and limbic
atrium- parietal and limbic
posterior horn- occipital
inferior horn- temporal and limbic

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8
Q

what connects the lateral ventricle and the 3rd ventricle

A

inter-ventricular foramen of monro

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9
Q

where does the 3rd ventricle connect to the brain

A

diencephalon

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10
Q

what connects the 3rd ventricle to the 4th ventricle

A

cerebral aqueduct

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11
Q

where does the 4th ventricle expand to

A

central canal
foramen magnum
foramina magendie
foramina luschka

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12
Q

what is the function of the ventricles

A

CSF secretion

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13
Q

what differs between the brain blood barrier and choroid plexus

A

BBB- no large molecules, tight junction, astrocyte end feet
CP- only in ventricles, leaking capillary-fenestration, active secretion

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14
Q

what is the function of CSF

A

maintain buoyancy
shock absorption
decrease excitability
low concentration of waste facilitate diffusion
no nutrition

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15
Q

what happens if CSF does not decrease excitability

A

increase in action potential resulting in epilepsy

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16
Q

how is CSF circulation affected by heart ventricular systole and diastole

A

systole- cranial to caudal, out of ventricles
diastole- caudal to cranial

ventricles compress when heart contracts

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17
Q

how does CSF drain into dural venous system

A

SSS through arachnoid granulations

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18
Q

what happens if CSF is blocked

A

hydrocephalus

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19
Q

what does the falx cerebri seperate

A

2 cerebral hemisphere

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20
Q

what does the falx cerebelli seperate

A

separates cerebullum

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21
Q

what does the tentorium cerebelli separates

A

occipital and temporal lobes from cerebellum

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22
Q

what does the diaphargma sellae seperate

A

hypophyseal fossa

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23
Q

where does the epidural/extrdural space lie

A

between dura and cranium

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24
Q

where does the subdural space lie

A

between dura and subarachnoid

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25
what is the arachnoid mater and what is the function
tether the brain through arachnoid trabeculae
26
where does the subarachnoid space lie
between arachnoid and pia mater
27
lateral ventricle does not extend into which cerebral lobe
insular
28
where is the dural venous sinus
between periosteal and meningeal layers of dura mater
29
what is the innervation of the cranial fossa
CN V, trigeminal V1- anterior fossa above tentorium cerebelli V2/3- anterior/middle fossa C2/3- posterior cranial fossa
30
which nerve innervation and cranial fossa could be structures resulting in cervicalgia/HA/migraine
C2/3 posterior cranial fossa
31
what is the sensory innervation of arachnoid and pia mater
no sensory input
32
what is the blood supply for anterior division of the brain
ICA
33
what is the blood supply for posterior division of the brain
vertebral a
34
what arteries come off the ICA
ophthalmic anterior choroidal post. communicating anterior cerebral middle cerebral
35
what arteries come off the vertebral artery
anterior spinal post. inf cerebellar that gives off post spinal
36
what arteries come off the basilary a
ant. inf. cerebellar pontine superior cerebellar posterior cerebral
37
what arteries make up the circle of willis
anterior communicating ACA ICA post communicating PCA
38
what does ACA give blood supply to in the cerebral cortex
medial/superior frontal and parietal lobe limbic lobe cingulate gryus
39
what does MCA give blood supply to in the cerebral cortex
lateral frontal and parietal lobe superior temporal lobe
40
what does PCA give blood supply to in the cerebral cortex
inferior temporal lobe occipital lobe
41
what is a somatotopy/homunculus
simplified mapping of body part presented on cortex
42
which artery branches out to form the post spinal a
post inf cerebellar a from vertebral a
43
If ACA is injured during a stroke, what are the S&S
contra lower limb sensory/motor cognition/behavioral/emotional
44
If MCA is injured during a stroke, what are the S&S
cognition/behvaioral/emotional if L frontal lobe affected contra upper limb/head sensory/motor happens on L: language, aphasia happens on R: spatial orientation, L side neglect
45
If PCA is injured during a stroke, what are the S&S
contra visual field memory/emotion/visual processing
46
what artery is most commonly injured during stroke
MCA
47
what is homologous hemianopia
field loss deficit in the same halves of visual field from each eye d/t PCA injury
48
what S&S are present if a stroke is in the basal nuclei
cognition/psychomotor/affective
49
what S&S are present if a stroke is in the diencephalon
thalamus- cognition/psychomotor/affective hypothalamus- homeostasis, life and death
50
what are the independent and integrative functions of the brainstem
stem of life
51
what is the blood supply to the midbrain
PCA and SCA
52
what is the blood supply to the pons
pontine branches and AICA
53
what is the blood supply to the medulla
vertebral a, PICA
54
what are S&S of a brainstem stroke
alternating hemiplegia CN 3-12, except 11 ipsi loss vital centers
55
what is alternating hemiplegia
ipsilateral face contra body d/t the intersection of nerve fibers in the brainstem
56
what is the blood supply for the post inf cerebellar lobe
PICA and AICA
57
what is the blood supply for the ant inf cerebellar lobe
AICA
58
what is the blood supply for the ant and superior post lobe of the cerebellum
SCA
59
what happens with a stroke of the cerebellum and why
ipsi functional impairment d/t intersecting tracts along the mid and hindbrain
60
where is the emissary veins
loose connective tissue layer of scalp
61
where are diploic veins
in the calvaria
62
what can happen if the scalp is infected
emissary vein can spread infection from scalp to meninges and brain through dural venous system
63
what is the flow of dural venous drainage sinus system
deep brain veins to great cerebral vein GCV to ISS to SS SS and OS and SSS to confluence of sinus to transverse to sigmoid to internal jugular vein
64
what are 2 dangerous ways to spread infections to the brain
triangle of death - cavernous sinus emissary vein to SSS
65
what merges to make the pterion
frontal/parietal/temporal and sphenoid bones
66
what is the result of a pterion traumatic injury
epidural hemorrhage rupture of middle meningeal artery
67
what is a subdural hemorrhage
rupture of bridging veins crescent shape between meningeal layer and arachnoid
68
what can cause a subdural hemorrhage
shaking baby syndrome
69
what is a common site for aneurysm
subarachnoid space
70
what is a subarachnoid hemorrhage
trauma or superficial blood vessel rupture 2/2 aneurysm CSF and blood vessels —- no hematoma
71
what is an intraventricular hemorrhage
choroid plexus/arteriovenous malformation or TBI
72
what hemorrhage can increase the risk of hydrocephalus
subarachnoid and intraventricular
73
what can cause an intraparenchymal/intracerebral hemorrhage (stroke)
HBP with predisposed factors
74
what are the differences between the 2 types of strokes
hemorrhagic- disruption of blood vessel, younger than 55, AVM, aneurysm ischemic- blockage of blood supply, transient

DPT 802 NeuroBio (10 decks)

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