Lecture 4: bones of the lower limbs and pelvic joints

Question 1

Pelvis

Answer 1

“Basin”
Made of two hip bones.
Male hip bones = Narrow
Foramen is triangular in women
Ischial spine are shorter distance apart in males
Sacrum to public symphis is shorter in males
All designed for child birth

Question 2

Bone marrow int he hip bone

Answer 2

Lots of it,

Take from the ilium, through the gluteal muscle

Question 3

Iliac crest

Answer 3

Is exposed, yo can put your hand on it,

Can remove bone from here for bone grafts

Question 4

Ischial Tuberosity

Answer 4

You sit on it, muscles of hamstring attach here

Question 5

Fusing of hip bones

Answer 5

Pubis and ischium at 9
Ilium and these at around 16
Fully fushed at 20 - 25

Question 6

Abnormal joint formation

Answer 6

More common in girls than boys, where hip joint doesnt form correctly

Question 7

Fractured hip

Answer 7

Is a fracturing of the pelvis not common

Question 8

Fractured femur

Answer 8

Or fracture of thigh bone, often called a fractured hip but isnt

Question 9

Hip fracture

Answer 9

Could dislocated the sacroiliac joints = damaged of nerves = lots of pain in lower limbs

Question 10

Fovea Capitis

Answer 10

Liagmentum teres/ round ligament of the femur goes here

Fracture will tear the ligament

Question 11

Fracture neck of the femur

Answer 11

Common, will pop the head off, dislocate and youll have to replace the top of the femur
Putting in a titanium head
Osteperous hip use glue.

Question 12

Hip joint angle over time

Answer 12

Changes as we age

Question 13

Patella

Answer 13

Suspended by tendons
Direct blow to the knee can fracture this
Can live without but need PT to help to deal with it
Cartilage as a child.

Question 14

Fracturing fibula

Answer 14

Will hurt but can walk on it.

Question 15

Fibula bone grafts

Answer 15

Can be grafted for long and straight areas

Question 16

Pott’s Fracture

Answer 16

Dislocate ankle and fracture the bones, happens when skiing

Question 17

Proper walking

Answer 17

heel toe

Question 18

Thumb amputaion

Answer 18

Great toe can be replaced as subtitue, but need a prosthetic for the big toe until muscles can deal with balance.

Question 19

Sprained ankle

Answer 19

Most common
Hurt the ligaments of the ankle
Invert the foot bringing inward,

Question 20

Flat feet

Answer 20

Arch of the foot is lost

Bad alignment of spine

Question 21

Heel spurs

Answer 21

Excessive bone growth of the heel,
that is painful
grows from excessive heel striking

Question 22

Sesamoid bones

Answer 22

Common in the big toes, can fracture these bones