Lecture 1 :Shoulder Joint and Trunk Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

Arthrology

A

Study of joints

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2
Q

3 types of joints

A

Immovable, slightly moveable, freely moveable joints

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3
Q

Immoveable Joints

A

Sutures, fibourous

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4
Q

Slightly Moveable

A

Cartilaginous, ribs to costal hyaline cartilages, pubic symphysis, epiphyseal growth cartilages

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5
Q

Freely Moveable joints

A

Synovial (Joint capsule and fluid)

Temporomanidibular joint and joints in extremities

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6
Q

Synovial joints

A

Periosteum is the extension, making the fiborous capusle
Synovial fluid fills the space = No friction
Articular cartilage = Smooth motion

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7
Q

Sprain

A

In a joint,

Fluid fills the capsule, stretching it, movement becomes limited

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8
Q

Cracking Knuckle

A

Popping synovial fluid gas bubbles

Continous noise = bone to bone contact

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9
Q

Bursa

A

Fluid filled sacs around all major joints, underneath the muscle and skin

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10
Q

Bursitis

A

Excessive movement, inflame the bursa
of the shoulder = most common
Cold weather may make it uncomfortable = circulation problem

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11
Q

Bone seperate at the acromion and clavicle

A

Acromioclavicular ligament will be stretched, need surgery and will not heal on its own
Ligament have poor blood supply.

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12
Q

Breaking the humerus near the shoulder joint

A

Muscles pull the bones apart, damage the joint when breaking

= Muscle spas and the joint is immoveable

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13
Q

Gout

A

Metabolic disease
Related to nutrition -> rick and exotic food
You get crystals in the synovial fluid
Medication will get ride of the uric acid in the blood stream that creates this.

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14
Q

Syphilis in Joints

A

Enter joints, destroy the soft tissue and bones

Swells the joints = Disabliing and painful

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15
Q

Muscle tissue

A

high in proteins
Actin and Myosin
Myoglobin -> only found in muscle

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16
Q

Myoglobin

A

Close to hemoglobin in blood cells
Carries oxygen into tissue,
Special molecule more oxygen into muscle fibers
Dark meat = high myoglobin = dark, moist, rich
White meat = low in myoglobin = light color, leaner

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17
Q

Rigor mortis

A

Stiff death
Stiffness in muscle, changes in protein
1 - 7 hours of death, muscle = stiff and hard
Muscles loose stiffness enzymes break muscle down.

18
Q

Muscle Shape

A

Latissimus = flat,

teres = round

19
Q

Muscle size

A

Maximus, minimus, major, minor

20
Q

Direction

A

Rectus = straight, oblique = diagonal, transverse = horizontal

21
Q

Location

A

Supraspinatus, infraspinatus, pectorals

22
Q

Flex

A

Joints made smaller

23
Q

Extensor

A

Angle made larger, joints larger

24
Q

Abductor

A

Moving muscles away from the midline

25
Adduction
Moving muscles to the midline
26
Pronation
Rotate out of anatomical position
27
Supination
Rotate to the midline
28
Medial/ lateral rotation
At hip and shoulder
29
Circumduction
Rotate in full circle
30
Pectoralis Major
Foundation of the breasts
31
Radical Masectomy
Remove breast and all chest muscle Limiting movement of that one side Cancer will not enter chest muscle
32
Breast reconstruction
Implant is put underneath the pectoralis major | Protect the bag
33
Muscles of abdoment
act together to flex the spine
34
Serratus anterior
Pull scapula to the front Abduction, flex hard, Also called the sexy serratus = need to be fit to see it
35
Trapezius
Shrug exercise to build it up
36
Latissimus Dorsi
Swimmers muscle, Pulls on the humerus toward the pelvis
37
Deltoid
Aids in backward extension of the arm
38
Erector spinae Muscle
Group to straighten the spine Exten the spine and pulls head to pelvis, Opposes the abdominal Bend at the waist, challenge the erector spinae, bend at the knees to lift
39
SITS
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres Minor, Subscapularis
40
Rhomboideus Minor and Rhomboideus Major
Adduct Scapula, with minors above major