Lecture 4

Question 1

Development of qualitatively distinct emotion

Answer 1

Emotional development

Question 2

Development of social interactions, focus primarily on interpersonal interactions

Answer 2

Social development

Question 3

At birth, babies face ___ or ___

Answer 3

distress, contentment

Question 4

Individual differences in emotional, motor, and attention reactivity and self regulation

Answer 4

Temperament

Question 5

What are temperamental traits a result of?

Answer 5

Interaction between biology and experience

Question 6

What are the 4 temperament classifications?

Answer 6

easy, slow to warm up, difficult, hard to classify

Question 7

What percentage is easy?

Answer 7

40

Question 8

What percentage is slow to warm up?

Answer 8

15

Question 9

What percentage is difficult?

Answer 9

10

Question 10

What percentage is hard to classify?

Answer 10

35

Question 11

When does the social smile emerge?

Answer 11

6 weeks

Question 12

Smiling in response to other people and social world

Answer 12

Social smile

Question 13

What type of social smile emerges first?

Answer 13

endogenous

Question 14

Smile that happens inside of them (feel good inside)

Answer 14

Endogenous

Question 15

Smile that happens from an external stimulus

Answer 15

Exogenous

Question 16

Emotion sharing via face-to-face communication that occurs between caregiver and infant

Answer 16

Primary intersubjectivity

Question 17

What does primary intersubjectivity promote?

Answer 17

Regulate negative arousal, calm down, social expectations

Question 18

Sharing attention and emotion in relation to third event

Answer 18

Secondary intersubjectivity

Question 19

When does the emergence of fear happen in infants?

Answer 19

6-9 months

Question 20

Strangers become meaningful as strange and now pose a threat

Answer 20

Stranger anxiety

Question 21

Fear of abandonment, exhibited at the departure of a caregiver

Answer 21

Separation anxiety

Question 22

What types of fear emerge?

Answer 22

fear of novelty, heights, strangers, separation

Question 23

When does secondary intersubjectivity occur?

Answer 23

9-12 months

Question 24

Gaze/point following, directing attention, imperatives and declaratives

Answer 24

Joint attention

Question 25

Commanding/asking

Answer 25

Imperative

Question 26

Declaring state of world

Answer 26

Declarative

Question 27

Having no joint attention can be a sign of _____

Answer 27

autism

Question 28

Using emotional information from others to guide your responses to an ambiguous situation

Answer 28

Social referencing

Question 29

Emotional tie in which child takes caregiver as a protective figure, finds security in their presence, misses them in their absence, seeks them as a haven of safety in times of alarm

Answer 29

Attachment

Question 30

Harlow showed that infants bond with surrogate mothers because of bodily contact not nourishment

Answer 30

Attachment theory

Question 31

Young infant behavior enlists proximity to caregiver (smiling, vocalizing, clinging, crying)

Answer 31

0-8 weeks

Question 32

Infants start responding differently to familiar and unfamiliar people, still friendly to strangers

Answer 32

2-4 months

Question 33

Infant seeks comfort from one caregiver, fears strangers and separation

Answer 33

6-9 months

Question 34

When does attachment first emerge in development?

Answer 34

6-9 months

Question 35

Infant seeks proximity upon return, calms down

Answer 35

Secure (B)

Question 36

Infant avoids proximity upon reunion (crawl away during reunion)

Answer 36

Insecure avoidant (A)

Question 37

Infant seeks proximity but angrily resists comfort

Answer 37

Insecure resistant (C)

Question 38

Infant lacks manner for dealing with stress

Answer 38

Disorganized (D)

Question 39

Warm consistent sensitive caregiver

Answer 39

Secure (B)

Question 40

Rejecting, distant caregiver

Answer 40

Insecure avoidant (A)

Question 41

Inconsistent, ignore than interfere caregiver

Answer 41

Infant resistant (C)

Question 42

Depressed or abusive caregiver

Answer 42

Disorganized (D)

Question 43

What can cause differences in attachment?

Answer 43

Caregiver behaviors, child characteristics, family characteristics, cultural influences

Question 44

__ % children show secure attachment when placed in a strange situation

Answer 44

60

Question 45

__ % children show insecure attachment when placed in a strange situation

Answer 45

30