Lecture 3A Flashcards
Nerve cell, transmits information
Neuron
Branch that carries messages away form the neuron
Axon
Branch that receives messages form axons of other cells
Dendrite
Gap where axon of one neurons meets the dendrite of another
Synapse
Sheath of fatty cells that insulates axons- speeds the transmission of nerve impulses
Myelin
What increase in brain development?
synapses, myelination, axons, dendrites
Proliferation of neurons prenatally, followed by neuronal death
Neurogenesis
Proliferation of cortex begins at birth, followed by pruning of synapses which are not used
Synaptogenesis
Involuntary, inflexible, stimulus specific actions
reflexes
What are some examples of infant reflexes?
Sucking, rooting, palmar grasping, stepping, crawling, mororeflex
Head/neck control
0-2 months
hold head with neck
1 month
able to roll over, sit with support of lower back
2-4 months
end of ___ month; able to lift chest off crib
2nd
sits independently
4-6 months
pulls self to stand hand and knees crawling, begin to use thumb in opposition to finger
6-10 months
stands independently, walking
10-14 months
shift one leg to other
controlled falling
What accounts for the growth of the brain?
Increase in axon, synapses, myelination, axons
When does neurogenesis occur?
prenatally
When does synaptogenesis occur?
postnatally
What is the cause of neuronal death?
Over create prenatally to have enough during development. Over create to have enough brain sources just in case
What is the cause of synaptic pruning?
Not using the synapses
