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PSY 364 > Lecture 14 > Flashcards

Lecture 14 Flashcards

1
Q

Complex, physical, social, economic, psychological process with medical, legal economic, and public health policy challenges

A

Aging

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2
Q

Stereotyping and discriminating on basis of age

A

Ageism

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3
Q

Where does ageism take place?

A

Health profession, caregivers and family

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4
Q

Limited warranty, wears out with use

A

Wear and tear theory

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5
Q

Accumulation of haphazard or random damage to cells and organs

A

Free radicals

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6
Q

What are the 3 theories of aging?

A

wear and tear, genetics, cellular aging

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7
Q

Mechanism in DNA regulates life, growth and death

A

Genetic theories

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8
Q

Limit on cell division, stress, lack of exercise, obesity, and toxins can shorten telomeres

A

Cellular aging theory

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9
Q

Humans and computers are viewed as information processing systems; information is processed as it moves through the system

A

Information processing theory

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10
Q

What is the input according to the information processing theory?

A

sensory information

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11
Q

What is the output according to the information processing theory?

A

decision or behavior

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12
Q

What are the 3 structures of the information processing theory?

A

sensory, short term, long term memory

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13
Q

Initial registration, briefly retains large amounts of information in milliseconds

A

Sensory memory

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14
Q

What must happen to sensory memory for it to become short term memory?

A

Paying attention

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15
Q

Capacity is smaller but last longer (seconds), holds info long enough to work with it

A

Short term memory

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16
Q

Combining info coming into sensory memory with info stored in long term memory and transforming it into new forms

A

working memory

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17
Q

What is the capacity of working memory?

A

3-7 chunks

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18
Q

How long is working memory

A

15-30 seconds

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19
Q

Applying cognitive information to short term memory

A

Long-term storage

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20
Q

What is the capacity of long term memory?

A

Limitless

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21
Q

How long is long term memory?

A

Limitless, indefinitely

22
Q

What happens to sensory memory in late adulthood?

A

not as sharp

23
Q

What happens to working memory in late adulthood?

A

Information from sensory storage is degraded, processing speed slows

24
Q

What happens to long term memory in late adulthood?

A

Declarative and recall memory declines, procedural and recognition memory stay intact

25
Q

Memory available to conscious awareness

A

Declarative

26
Q

Implicit, not available to conscious awareness

A

Procedural

27
Q

Remembering to do stuff

A

Prospective memory

28
Q

What is the difference in prospective memory for late adulthood in a natural vs. lab setting?

A

Lab setting: may not have good prospective memory

Natural: Late adulthood does better in natural setting

29
Q

How do you transition from short term memory to long term memory?

A

Rehearsal

30
Q

Rates of NCD increase with every decade after ___ years

A

70

31
Q

What is the number 1 symptom of NCD’s?

A

memory loss

32
Q

Most common NCD, destroys ability to send and receive messages

A

Alzheimer’s

33
Q

Clumps of beta amyloid protein surrounding the neuron

A

Plaques

34
Q

Twisted mass of tau protein within the neuron

A

Tangles

35
Q

What type of memory erodes in Alzheimer’s?

A

Working memory

36
Q

___-___% of cognitively normal elders had plaques and tangles at autopsy

A

20-30

37
Q

Why is the Nun Study the best study for finding the causes of Alzheimer’s?

A

Longitudinal study, daily diaries written around 22 years old, equivalent diet and other environmental factors

38
Q

Gene that has been linked to Alzheimer’s; more likely to develop the NCD

A

APOE 4

39
Q

___% of those with Alzheimer’s had low linguistic ability earlier in life

A

90

40
Q

____% of those without Alzheimer’s also had low linguistic ability earlier in life

A

13

41
Q

Low linguistically ability early in life could be a subtle symptom of very early changes that ultimately lead to disease

A

Neurocognitive reserve

42
Q

Temporary obstruction of blood vessels in brain; 2nd most common NCD

A

Vascular NCD

43
Q

Blurred vision, weak, paralyzed limbs slurred speech, confusion

A

At time symptoms of vascular NCD

44
Q

Progressive loss of intellectual functioning

A

Long run symptoms of vascular NCD

45
Q

What is the difference between Alzheimer’s and vascular NCD symptomology?

A

Alzheimer’s is a steady decline while vascular NCD is a suddenly worse, improve somewhat, then experience another loss

46
Q

Areas that regulate emotions and social behavior deteriorate

A

Prefrontal cortex and amygdala

47
Q

Emotional and personality changes that progress very quickly

A

Frontal lobe disorders

48
Q

Starts with motor control impairment

A

Parkinson’s disease

49
Q

What are ways to treat NCD?

A

Stem cell therapy, surgery and medicine to prevent stroke

50
Q

What are ways to prevent NCD?

A

Exercise, nutrition, social interaction, mental exercise

PSY 364 (21 decks)

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