Lecture 36 11/14/23 Flashcards
What are hepatocytes?
primary cell type of liver
What are the characteristics of hepatocytes?
-polygonal epithelial cells with lots of eosinophilic cytoplasm (pink)
-arranged in cords/trabeculae
-sinusoids/blood channels run between cords
What are the characteristics of liver blood flow?
-blood enters liver from the abdomen through portal vein
-moves from portal vein branches into sinusoids
-exits liver through central veins that empty into caudal vena cava
What are the characteristics of the liver capsule?
-thin layer of collagen covering entire liver
-mesothelial cells cover capsule
-capsule + mesothelial cells = serosa
What are sinusoids?
discontinuous capillaries that allow large molecules and cells to pass through
What is the Space of Disse?
space between endothelial cell layer and hepatocyte cord
What are Kupffer cells?
resident macrophages of the liver that live in sinusoids or space of Disse
What are Ito cells?
-star-shaped cells that live in the space of Disse
-produce collagen when liver is injured
-store fat-soluble vitamins
What are the characteristics of bile production?
-produced by hepatocytes
-secreted by hepatocytes into canaliculi
-canaliculi empty into bile ducts
Which type of epithelium lines bile ducts?
cuboidal or columnar epithelium
What are the characteristics of the portal triad?
-consists of at least one portal vein, bile duct, and hepatic arteriole each
-embedded in collagen
What is the function of the portal vein branch?
where blood enters the sinusoids
What is the term for hepatocytes surrounding the portal triad?
periportal
What is the role of the central vein?
collect blood from sinusoids to deliver into caudal vena cava
What is the term for hepatocytes surrounding the central vein branch?
centrilobular
What is the term for hepatocytes midway between the portal triads and central veins?
midzonal
What are the characteristics of the gall bladder?
-diverticulum off of common bile duct
-mucosa is columnar epithelium over lamina propria
-muscularis is smooth muscle
Where do the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts empty?
common bile duct
What are the characteristics of the exocrine pancreas?
-gland that produces digestive enzymes
-epithelial cells form acini
-two-tone cytoplasm (blue basal portion and pink apical portion)
-zymogen granules in apical portion
-ducts lined by cuboidal/columnar epithelium
-ducts empty into duodenum
What are the characteristics of the endocrine pancreas?
-scattered, discrete clusters of polygonal cells (islets of Langerhans)
-pale amphophilic cytoplasm
Where is the pancreas located?
embedded in abdominal adipose tissue
What is unique about cat pancreas?
lots of Pacinian corpuscles/mechanoreceptors
