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FA1 Physiology/Microanatomy 1 > Lecture 31 11/8/23 > Flashcards

Lecture 31 11/8/23 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a gland?

A

a cell/group of cells that secrete a chemical substance

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2
Q

What are the two possible fates for gland secretions?

A

-use within the body
-discharged into the surroundings

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3
Q

Where do endocrine glands secrete their products?

A

directly into the bloodstream

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4
Q

What are examples of endocrine glands?

A

-endocrine pancreas
-thyroid
-pituitary

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5
Q

Where do exocrine glands secrete their products?

A

into ducts

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6
Q

What are examples of exocrine glands?

A

-exocrine pancreas
-sweat glands
-sebaceous glands

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7
Q

What are unicellular glands?

A

glands comprised of only a single cell

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8
Q

What are examples of unicellular glands?

A

-goblet cells (exocrine)
-enterochromaffin cells (endocrine)

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9
Q

What are multicellular glands?

A

secretory unit comprised of many cells

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10
Q

What is an example of a multicellular gland?

A

pancreas

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11
Q

What are the potential gland shapes?

A

-tubular
-acinar

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12
Q

What does the shape classification of the gland depend on?

A

the shape of the secretory component

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13
Q

What are the two types of tubular glands?

A

-straight
-coiled

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14
Q

What is merocrine secretion?

A

membrane of the secretory droplet fuses with plasma membrane

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15
Q

Which glands undergo merocrine secretion?

A

-salivary
-pancreas
-eccrine sweat glands

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16
Q

What is apocrine secretion?

A

piece of apical/top cytoplasm pinches off

17
Q

Which glands undergo apocrine secretion?

A

-mammary glands
-apocrine sweat glands
-ceruminous glands

18
Q

What is holocrine secretion?

A

entire cell becomes secretory product

19
Q

Which glands undergo holocrine secretion?

A

sebaceous glands

20
Q

Which type of secretion can be visualized microscopically?

A

holocrine

21
Q

What are the characteristics of serous secretion?

A

-high protein
-watery
-appear as eosinophilic apical cytoplasmic granules

22
Q

Which glands produce serous secretions?

A

-exocrine pancreas
-salivary glands
-gastric glands

23
Q

What are the characteristics of mucus secretion?

A

-viscous
-high glycoprotein
-foamy cytoplasm with flattened basal nuclei

24
Q

Which glands produce mucus secretions?

A

-salivary glands (some)
-gastric glands

25
Q

What is the function of myoepithelium?

A

contractile; moves secretions towards duct/surface

26
Q

Which glands have myoepithelium?

A

-mammary
-salivary
-apocrine

27
Q

What are the characteristics of colonic glands?

A

-tubular
-merocrine secretion

28
Q

What are the characteristics of salivary glands?

A

-merocrine secretion
-serous and mucus secretions
-acinar

29
Q

What are the characteristics of sebaceous glands?

A

-throughout haired skin
-lipid droplets in cytoplasm/foamy appearance
-holocrine secretion
-alveolar/acinar

30
Q

What are the characteristics of apocrine glands?

A

-dump secretions into hair follicle
-apocrine secretion
-coiled tubular glands

31
Q

What are the characteristics of eccrine glands?

A

-found on footpads
-similar appearance to apocrine glands but not near hair follicles
-merocrine secretion
-serous secretions
-coiled tubular glands

32
Q

What are the characteristics of mammary glands?

A

modified apocrine gland
-combination of tubular and acinar

33
Q

What are the characteristics of ceruminous glands?

A

-modified apocrine gland
-located in external ear

34
Q

What are the characteristics of the apocrine glands of the anal sacs?

A

-specialized apocrine glands
-open onto skin or into anal sacs

35
Q

What are the characteristics of hepatoid glands?

A

-modified sebaceous glands
-found in perianal skin, proximal tail, and lateral to prepuce
-look like liver microscopically

FA1 Physiology/Microanatomy 1 (46 decks)

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