Lecture 34: Microbial Genetics Flashcards

1
Q

List 3 properties of bacterial genome:

A
  • Typically a singular circular chromosome
  • No nuclear membrane
  • Small circular DNA molecules known as Plasmids
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the region called that the chromosome in a bacterial cell is confined to known as?

A

Nucleoid region

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are 2 types of gene transfer amongst bacteria?

A
  • Horizontal gene transfer

- Vertical gene transfer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is horizontal gene transfer?

A

Transferring genes from one organism directly to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is vertical gene transfer?

A

Transferring genes from ‘parent’ to ‘offspring’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the 3 types of horizontal gene transfer?

A
  • Transformation
  • Transduction
  • Conjugation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Outline the features of conjugation.

A
  • Bacteria use a sex pilus, that attach to another bacteria

- plasmids unwind and are fed through the pilus to another bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Outline the features of transformation.

A

Naked DNA fragments find their way into another bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Outline the features of transduction.

A

Phage virus bind and inject their DNA into bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Outline the lytic cycle.

A
  • Phage inserts its DNA
  • replicates using the bacteria’s machinery
  • Cell lyses releases newly assembled phages
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Outline the Lysogenic cycle.

A
  • Phage DNA integrates with bacterial DNA

- Cell replication creates more bacteria containing bacterial chromosome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly