Lecture 28: Microbial population growth Flashcards

1
Q

smaller organisms can grow…

A

faster

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2
Q

binary fission is…

A

the process by which microorganism can replicate themselves

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3
Q

prokaryotes reproduce…

A

asexually

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4
Q

the process by which prokaryotes reproduce is…

A

binary fission

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5
Q

binary fission results in the formation of

A

two cells that are genetically identical

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6
Q

step 1 of binary fission:

A

chromosome replication begins

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7
Q

step 2 of binary fission:

A

one copy of the origin moves to each end of the cell

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8
Q

step 3 of binary fission:

A

replication finishes

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9
Q

step 4 of binary fission:

A

two daughter cells result

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10
Q

closed batch culture system refers to

A

a form of cell culturing

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11
Q

closed batch culture systems have a defined

A

supply of nutrients

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12
Q

once nutrients in a system have been used cells cannot

A

proliferate

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13
Q

what is the “lag phase” of microbial growth in a closed batch culture system

A

the time required to get biosynthetic reactions occurring

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14
Q

what is the “exponential phase (log phase)” of microbial growth in a closed batch culture system

A
  • where cells are actively dividing and nothing is limiting growth
  • population is doubling
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15
Q

what is the “stationary phase” of microbial growth in a closed batch culture system

A
  • cells stop growing and cryptic growth is observed
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16
Q

cryptic growth is

A

when organisms survive by consuming lysed cell constituents of other dead cells within the culture

17
Q

in the stationary phase the population is

A

dynamic

18
Q

dynamic population means

A

there is an equilibrium between growing and dying cells

19
Q

what is the “death phase” of microbial growth in a closed batch culture system

A

equilibrium between growing cells and dying cells is skewed towards death

20
Q

growth rate is

A

a measure of the average to see what the population is doing

21
Q

persisters are

A

insensitive to penicillin because they are dormant

22
Q

penicillin stops bacteria by

A

preventing the cell wall forming meaning it falls apart during replication

23
Q

three requirements for prokaryote growth

A
  • carbon source
  • energy source
  • reducing power
24
Q

carbon source for prokaryote growth is used as

A

building blocks for macromolecular synthesis

25
Q

the energy source for prokaryote growth is used for

A

anabolic and catabolic reactions in the cell

26
Q

reducing power is required for prokaryote growth to

A

carry energy/electrons

27
Q

photoautotrophs

energy/carbon source

A

energy source = light

carbon source = harvest their own

28
Q

chemoautotrophs

A

energy source = chemical compounds

carbon source = harvest their own

29
Q

photoheterotrphs

A

energy source = light

carbon source = harvest carbon from other molecules

30
Q

chemoheterotrophs

A

energy source = chemical compounds

carbon source = harvest their own from other molecules