Lecture 29: microbes & energy flow

Question 1

most organisms cannot be or have not been

Answer 1

isolated in pure cultures

Question 2

identification of organisms can now be done using

Answer 2

genetic ‘fingerprints’

Question 3

the uncultured microbial world is

Answer 3

far greater than the cultured world

Question 4

individual microbial cells of a species proliferate to form a

Answer 4

population

Question 5

populations interact/communicate to form

Answer 5

communities

Question 6

microbial ecology is

Answer 6

the study of the interrelationship among microorganisms and their environment

Question 7

microbiome is

Answer 7

all microorganisms, and their genes, within a particular environment

Question 8

enrichment cultures provide

Answer 8

specific temperature and chemical conditions that encourage growth of specific groups of microbes

Question 9

enrichment cultures are examples of

Answer 9

mesocosms

Question 10

mesocosms are

Answer 10

an experimental system that stimulates real-life conditions as closely as possible

Question 11

metabolism can be broken in to two aspects

Answer 11

• catabolism

- anabolism

Question 12

harvesting building blocks can release

Answer 12

energy

Question 13

reduction-oxidation in bacteria:

H2S is

Answer 13

oxidised to S

Question 14

reduction-oxidation in bacteria:

following H2S oxidisation NADP+ is

Answer 14

reduced to NADPH2

Question 15

reduction-oxidation in bacteria:

following NADP+ reduction NADPH2 is

Answer 15

oxidised to NADP+

Question 16

reduction-oxidation in bacteria:

Following NADPH2 oxidation CO2 is

Answer 16

reduced/fixed to form a carbohydrate (CH2O)n

Question 17

for every oxidation action in a cell

Answer 17

there is an equal and opposite reduction reaction

Question 18

autotrophs are ….. of CO2

Answer 18

primary producers

Question 19

autotrophs are able to

Answer 19

fix CO2

Question 20

heterotrophs are ….. of CO2

Answer 20

decomposers

Question 21

heterotrophs cannot use

Answer 21

CO2 directly, need fixed carbon

Question 22

chemotrophs use

Answer 22

chemical energy

Question 23

sources of chemical energy are

Answer 23

• organic

- inorganic

Question 24

phototrophs use

Answer 24

solar energy

Question 25

non-cyclic photophosphorylation generates

Answer 25

oxygen, ATP and NADPH

Question 26

cyclic photophosphorylation generates

Answer 26

ATP but not oxygen

Question 27

cyclic photosynthesis is

Answer 27

anoxygenic

Question 28

non-cyclic photosynthesis is

Answer 28

oxygenic

Question 29

both cyclic/non-cyclic photosynthesis use

Answer 29

light for energy

Question 30

both cyclic/non-cyclic photosynthesis fix

Answer 30

carbon

Question 31

non-cyclic photosynthesis splits water

Answer 31

to produce products

Question 32

many microbes use ….. as an energy source

Answer 32

light

Question 33

to avoid competition microbes absorb

Answer 33

different wavelengths of light

Question 34

microbes absorb different wave lengths of light by

Answer 34

tuning their antenna to different wavelengths

Question 35

oxygen dependent organisms can live in

Answer 35

anoxic environments

Question 36

organisms can ….. their electrons from ….. into ….. zones so they can still breath

Answer 36

• shuttle
• anoxic
• oxic

Question 37

organisms shuttle electrons using

Answer 37

self made cables