lecture 25 - upper limb nerves Flashcards
What are the 2 nerves that branch from the brachial plexus at the root level?
Dorsal scapular nerve, long thoracic nerve
What nerve supplies the rhomboids and levator scapulae?
Dorsal scapular nerve
What nerve supplies serratus anterior?
Long thoracic nerve
What is the path of the axillary artery?
Posterior cord of brachial plexus, winds around surgical neck of humerus, supplies muscles and skin
What muscles does the axillary nerve supply?
Deltoid, teres minor
What area has cutaneous innervation by the axillary artery?
Upper lateral skin of the arm
What compartment of the arm does the radial nerve lie in?
Posterior compartment
What is the path of the radial nerve?
Posterior cord of brachial plexus, posterior compartment of arm, radial groove of humerus, passes lateral epicondyle, forearm, hand
What does the radial nerve supply in the arm?
Triceps brachii muscle
What nerve does the radial nerve give off in the forearm?
Posterior interosseous nerve
What does the posterior interosseous nerve (branch of radial nerve) of the forearm supply?
Supinator and posterior forearm compartment arm muscles
What area of the hand has cutaneous innervation by the radial artery?
Skin on lateral, dorsal 3 1/2 fingers (excluding nailbeds)
What nerve provides sensory innervation to the posterior arm and forearm?
Radial nerve
What areas have cutaneous innervation by the radial nerve?
skin on lateral, dorsal 3 1/2 fingers, posterior forearm, lateral/posterior arm
What is the path of the musculocutaenous nerve?
lateral cord of brachial plexus, arm, forearm, branch into lateral cutaneous nerve
What areas have cutaneous innervation by the musculocutaneous nerve?
Skin on lateral side of forearm (via lateral cutaneous nerve branch)
What nerve supplies the skin of the lateral forearm?
lateral cutaneous nerve, a branch of the musculocutaneous nerve
What muscles does the musculocutaenous nerve supply?
Anterior compartment of the arm muscles: biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis
What nerve supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the forearm?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What does the ulnar nerve supply in the arm?
Nothing - only supplies forearm and hand
What muscles does the ulnar nerve supply in the forearm?
Flexor carpi ulnaris, medial half of flexor digitiorum profundus
What nerve supplies flexor carpi ulnaris?
Ulnar nerve
What are the 3 key distal branches of the ulnar nerve that supply different parts of the hand?
Superficial branch, deep branch, dorsal branch
What does the superficial branch of the ulnar nerve supply?
Skin of medial, palmar 1 1/2 fingers
What does the deep branch of the ulnar nerve supply?
Hypothenar muscles, adductor pollicis, interossei, medial 2 lumbricals
What does the dorsal branch of the ulnar artery supply?
Skin of medial, dorsal 1 & 1/2 fingers
What branch of the ulnar artery supplies intrinsic muscles of the hand?
Deep branch
What artery does the median nerve rung alongside within the arm ?
Brachial artery
What does the median nerve supply in the arm?
Nothing, just runs through
What muscles does the median nerve supply in the forearm?
Anterior compartment muscles, except flexor carpi ulnaris and lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus, which are supplied by the ulnar nerve
What structure does the median nerve pass through from forearm to hand?
Carpal tunnel
What skin does the median nerve supply in the hand?
Skin of palmar, lateral 3 1/2 fingers and palm/thumb, and dorsal side of distal phalanges (nail beds) of these fingers,
What are the 3 key nerves that pass over the elbow joint?
Ulnar nerve, median nerve, radial nerve
What is the dermatome of the medial arm?
T1
What is the dermatome of the pinkie finger?
C8
What is the dermatome of the middle 3 fingers?
C7
What is the dermatome of the thumb?
C6
What is the dermatome of the lateral arm?
C5
Where will there be sensory loss if the radial nerve is damaged?
At the skin of lateral 3 1/2 fingers on the dorsal side
What distint hand position occurs when there is damage to the ulnar artery?
‘Clawed hand’
How are the thenar muscles affected in a median nerve injury?
Loss of coordination/strength of the thumb, unable to oppose thumb, wasting of thenar eminence
What distinct hand position occurs in patients with median nerve injury?
‘hands of benediction’
What artery supplies the anterior compartment of the arm?
Brachial artery
What artery supplies the posterior compartment of the arm?
Deep brachial artery
What artery supplies the superifical anterior compartment of the forearm?
Ulnar and radial arteries, anterior interosseous artery
What artery supplies the deep anterior compartment of the forearm?
Ulnar and radial arteries
What artery supplies the hand?
Radial and ulnar arteries via the superficial and deep palmar arches
What nerve innervates the anterior compartment of the arm?
Musculocutaneous nerve
What nerve innervates the posterior compartment of the arm?
Radial nerve
What nerves innervate the anterior compartment of the arm?
Median nerve, ulnar nerve
What artery supplies the posterior compartment of the forearm?
Posterior interosseous artery
What nerve innervates the hand?
Median nerve, ulnar nerve
