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ELM2 - musculoskeletal > lecture 21 - arm & forearm muscles > Flashcards

lecture 21 - arm & forearm muscles Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 compartments of the arm?

A

Anterior, posterior

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2
Q

What are the compartments of the arm seperated by?

A

Medial and lateral intermucular septa

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3
Q

What are the muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

A

biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis

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4
Q

What are the muscles of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

Triceps brachii

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5
Q

What are the 2 heads of biceps brachii?

A

Long head, short head

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6
Q

What is the origin of the short head of the biceps?

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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7
Q

What is the origin of the long head of the biceps?

A

Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

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8
Q

What is the function of biceps brachii?

A

Flexion, supination of the forearm

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9
Q

What is the origin of coracobrachilais?

A

Coracoid process

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10
Q

What is the insertion of coracobrachialis?

A

Shaft of humerus

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11
Q

What is the function of corachobrachialis?

A

Humerus adduction, flexion

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12
Q

What is the origin of brachialis?

A

Shaft of humerus

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13
Q

What is the insertion of brachialis?

A

Ulna tuberosity and coronoid process of proximal ulna

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14
Q

What is the function of brachialis?

A

Flexion of elbow

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15
Q

What is the primary flexor of the elbow?

A

Brachialis

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16
Q

What are the 3 main flexors of the elbow?

A

Biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis

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17
Q

What are the 2 weak flexors of the elbow joint?

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis

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18
Q

What is the deepest muscle of the posterior compartment of the arm?

A

medial head of the triceps

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19
Q

What part of the triceps is deep to the long head?

A

Medial head

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20
Q

Is the long head of the triceps more medial or lateral on the posterior arm?

A

Medial

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21
Q

What is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii?

A

Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula

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22
Q

What is the origin of the lateral head of the triceps brachii?

A

Posterior surface of humerus

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23
Q

What is the origin of the medial head of the triceps brachii?

A

Posterior surface of humerus

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24
Q

What is the insertion of the tendon of triceps brachii?

A

Olecranon of ulna

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25
Q

What is the function of the triceps brachii muscle?

A

Extension of the elbow

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26
Q

What is the origin of brachioradialis?

A

Lateral supraepicondylar ridge of humerus

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27
Q

What is the insertion of brachioradialis?

A

Distal radius

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28
Q

What are the 2 groups of muscles in the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Superifical, deep

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29
Q

What are the 2 compartments of the forearm?

A

Anterior, posterior

30
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the superficial group of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Pronator teres, flexor carpi radialis, palmaris longus, flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor carpi ulnaris

31
Q

What are the 3 muscles of the deep group of the anterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Flexor pollicis longus, flexor digitorum profundus, pronator quadratus

32
Q

What is the common origin of the superficial group of anterior compartment muscles?

A

Medial epicondyle

33
Q

What is the function of pronator teres?

A

pronation of forearm, minor elbow flexion

34
Q

What is the function of palmaris longus?

A

wrist flexion

35
Q

What is the function of flexor carpi radialis?

A

Wrist flexion and abduction

36
Q

What is the function of flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Flexion and adduction of the wrist

37
Q

What is the function of Flexor digitorum superficialis?

A

Finger flexion at proximal interphalangeal joints

39
Q

What is the function of flexor digitorum profundus?

A

Wrist flexion, flexion of both interphalangeal joints and metacarpophalangeal joint

40
Q

How many tendons does flexor digitorum superficialis divide into?

41
Q

How many tendons does flexor digitorum profundus divide into?

42
Q

What are the extrinsic flexors of the fingers?

A

flexor digitorum superficialis, flexor digitorum profundus, flexor pollicis longus

43
Q

What are the 2 groups of muscles in the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Superficial, deep

44
Q

What are the 7 muscles of the superficial group of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Brachioradialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris, anconeous

45
Q

What is the origin of brachioradialis and extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

Lateral supraepicondylar ridge

46
Q

What is the origin of extensor carpi radialis brevis, extensor digitorum, extensor digiti minimi, extensor carpi ulnaris and anconeous

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

47
Q

What are the 5 muscles of the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Supinator, abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, extensor pollicis longus, extensor indicis

48
Q

What are the origin sites of the muscles of the deep layer of the posterior compartment of the forearm?

A

Radius, ulnar or interosseous membrane

49
Q

What is the function of extensor carpi radialis longus?

A

wrist extension, abduction of hand at wrist

50
Q

What is the function of extensor carpi radialis brevis?

A

wrist extension, abduction of hand at the wrist

51
Q

What is the function of extensor digitorum?

A

Extension at wrist, extension of hand (metacarpphalangeal joints) extension of fingers (interpahalangeal joints)

52
Q

What is the function of extensor digiti minimi?

A

Wrist extension, extension of 5th digit (little finger)

53
Q

What is the function of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Wrist extesnion, wrist adduction

54
Q

What is the function of anconeous?

A

Extension of triceps for action of elbow extension, stabilises pronation/supination

55
Q

What is the function of supinator muscle?

A

Supination of the forearm

56
Q

What is the function of abductor pollicis longus?

A

Abduction/extension of the thumb

57
Q

What is the function of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

Extension of the thumb

58
Q

What is the function of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

extension of thumb

59
Q

What is the function of extensor indicis?

A

Extension of the index finger (second digit)

60
Q

What are the tendon boundaries of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

anterior/lateral- extensor pollicis brevis & abductor pollicis longus
posterior/medial - extensor pollicis longus

61
Q

Which artery crosses the anatomical snuff box?

A

Deep radial artery

62
Q

Do the finger extensors or flexors have more independent control of the fingers?

63
Q

Why do the finger extensors have less independent control of the fingers than the flexors?

A

Oblique tendonous bands join adjacent extensor digitorum tendons

64
Q

How does the extensor digitorum tendon divide in each finger?

A

Divides into a central band and 2 lateral bands on either side

65
Q

Where does the central band of the extensor digitorum tendon attach?

A

Base of middle phalanx

66
Q

Where do the lateral bands of the extensor digitorum tendon attach?

A

The base of the distal phalanx

67
Q

What structure covers the extensor digitorum tendon on the dorsum of each finger?

A

Extensor hood

68
Q

Which muscles attach to the extensor digitorum extensor hood of the fingers?

A

Lumbricals, interossei, extensor digiti minimi, extensor indicis

69
Q

What muscles are involved in wrist abduction/radial deviation?

A

Flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis longus, extensor carpi radialis brevis

70
Q

What muscles are involved in wrist adduction/ulnar deviation?

A

flexor carpi ulnaris, extensor carpi radialis

ELM2 - musculoskeletal (28 decks)

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