Lecture 25/26

Question 1

Site management issues

Answer 1

• health and safety
• quality
• environment
• waste

Question 2

examples of waste

Answer 2

• material waste
• time
• travel
• inventory
• overproduction

Question 3

LEAN

Answer 3

• production philosophy to increase productivity
• gaining popularity
• ‘make more, faster’ becomes ‘make what is needed, when it is needed’
• focus on difference between value and waste
• ultimate purpose is to eliminate waste

Question 4

decisions made sequentially by specialists and ‘thrown over the wall

Answer 4

traditional

Question 5

activities performed as soon as possible

Answer 5

traditional

Question 6

downstream players are involved in upstream decisions, and vice-versa

Answer 6

lean

Question 7

not all product life cycle stages are considered in desing

Answer 7

traditional

Question 8

activities performed at last responsible moment

Answer 8

lean

Question 9

all product life cycles considered in design

Answer 9

lean

Question 10

buffers are sized and located to perform their function of absorbing system variabiltiy

Answer 10

lean

Question 11

participants build up large inventories to protect their own interests

Answer 11

traditional

Question 12

systematic efforts are made to optimise supply chain

Answer 12

lean

Question 13

organisations link together through the market, take what the market offers

Answer 13

traditional

Question 14

learning occurs sporadically

Answer 14

traditional

Question 15

learning incorporated into project, firm, and supply chain management

Answer 15

lean

Question 16

Lean Principles

Answer 16

• Value: identify the value stream
• Waste: remove the waste
• Flow: create flow
• pull: let the customer pull
• perfection: pursue perfection

Question 17

The 5 S’s

Answer 17

1. Sorting
2. Simplifying
3. Sweeping
4. Standardising
5. Self discipline

Question 18

Purpose of visual controls

Answer 18

to put in plain view all tools, parts, plans, schedules and performance indicators, so everyone can see at a glance what is happening
( coloured hard hats, posted weekly schedules and progress)

Question 19

Process Mapping

Answer 19

• map all steps and ‘wait’ times of activity
• measure distance travelled and cycle time
• categorise all steps into
  1. value added
  2. non value added but necessary
  3. non value added and not necessary
• eliminate all number 3s and improve number 2s

Question 20

Pursue perfeciton

Answer 20

• stress the production system to identify needed improvements
• experiment, but buffer the production not to violate commercial agreements
• manipulate constraints to drive innovation and improvement

Question 21

What is productivity

Answer 21

• labour productivity
• capital productivity
• time productivity

Question 22

labour productivity

Answer 22

output / input = work / workers

Question 23

capital productivity

Answer 23

= added value / capital employed

Question 24

time productivity

Answer 24

= progress / working hours

Question 25

Common Productivity Factors

Answer 25

- skills and experience of workforce - management - material availability - job planning - worker motivation

Question 26

Areas for intervention on productivity

Answer 26

- improving efficiency of work - improving competency of people - training in project management - strengthen middle management skills for key staff - the holistic view