Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PHYSIOLOGY SEMESTER 2 > lecture 24-ANS > Flashcards

lecture 24-ANS Flashcards

1
Q

where are the cell bodies of preganglionic neurons located

A

within CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the neurotransmitter for preganglionic neurons in ANS

A

Ach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

where are cell bodies for postganglionic neurons located

A

in peripheral ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is the neurotransmitter for postganglionic neurons

A

Ach in para; norepinephrine in sym.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what part of the spinal cord are sympathetic preganglionic neurons associated with

A

T1-L2

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what type of fibers are postganglionic sympathetic fibers

A

type C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what do postganglionic sympathetic fibers control

A

blood vessels, sweat glands, piloerector muscles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where does the thoracic sympathetic chain lie

A

against neck of ribs and costovertebral junctions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are the 12 thoracic ganglia pairs referred to as collectively

A

stellate ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

how do preganglionic sympathetics exist the thoracic sympathetic chain

A

as direct fibers

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what are the functions of the cardiopulmonary splanchnic nerves

A

coronary artery dilation, increase heart rate, bronchodilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

where do splanchnic nerves synapse

A

prevertebral ganglia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

where do greater splanchnic nerves synapse and what part of the spinal cord are they

A

T5-T9 and synapse in celiac ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

where do lesser splanchnic nerves synapse and what part of the spinal cord are they

A

T10-T11 and synapse in superior mesenteric ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

where do least splanchnic nerves synapse and what part of the spinal cord are they

A

T12 and synapses in aorticorenal ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what system is the adrenal medulla stimulated by

A

sympathetic system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what does the adrenal medulla secrete

A

epinephrine and norepinephrine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

when does alarm or stress response occur

A

when there is a mass discharge of the entire sympathetic system (fright, fear, severe pain)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

where are the majority of parasympathetic fibers located

A

in vagus nerve (CN 10)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

what do postganglionic parasympathetic fibers use as a neurotransmitter

A

Ach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

what cranial nerves carry parasympathetic signals

A

oculomotor, facial, glossopharyngeal, vagus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the function of the oculomotor nerve

A

supplies 4 of 6 extrinsic muscles of the eye and the legator palpebrae superioris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the preganglionic function of CN III

A

from edinger-westphal nucleus to ciliary ganglion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what is the postganglionic function of CN III

A

from ciliary ganglion to sphincter pupillae muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the function of the facial nerve

A

primary motor nerve to muscles of facial expression. carries sensation of taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue

26
Q

what is the preganglionic function of CN 7

A

from superior salivatory and lacrimal nuclei to submandibular/sublingual ganglia

27
Q

what is the postganglionic function of CN 7

A

to lacrimal gland, submandibular gland, sublingual gland, and mucous glands of mouth and nose

28
Q

what is the function of the glossopharyngeal nerve

A

carries general sensation and sensation of taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue

29
Q

what is the postganglionic function of CN 9

A

to parotid gland

30
Q

what is the preganglionic function of CN 9

A

from inferior salivatory nucleus to otic ganglion

31
Q

what is the function of the vagus nerve

A

motor supply to muscles of 4th and 5th pharyngeal arches and is important in swallowing and speaking

32
Q

what is the preganglionic function of CN 10

A

from dorsal motor nucleus

33
Q

what is the postganglionic function of CN 10

A

myenteric plexus of wall of gut tube all the way to the left colic flexure

34
Q

what does the vagus nerve run parallel to

A

esophagus

35
Q

describe the left recurrent laryngeal nerve from the left vagus route

A

hooks around arc of aorta to left ligamentum arteriosum

36
Q

describe the right recurrent laryngeal nerve from right vagus route

A

arises in neck, not thorax

37
Q

what enzyme is needed to convert acetyl-CoA + choline to acetylcholine

A

choline acetyl-transferase

38
Q

what enzyme is needed to convert acetylcholine to choline and acetate ion

A

acetylcholinesterase

39
Q

what amino acid is the precursor of norepinephrine

A

tyrosine

40
Q

how is norepinephrine converted to epinephrine

A

methylation

41
Q

what can destroy nerepinephrine

A

monamine oxidase and COMT

42
Q

where is monamine oxidase found

A

in nerve endings

43
Q

where are muscarinic receptors found

A

on all effector cells stimulated by postganglionic cholinergic neurons

44
Q

where are nicotinic receptors found

A

in autonomic ganglia at synapses between preganglionic and postganglionic neurons

45
Q

what alpha receptor is involved in the inhibition of neurotransmitter release

A

alpha2

46
Q

what does beta1 do

A

cardioacceleration, increased myocardial strength, lipolysis

47
Q

what does beta2 do

A

vasodilation, intestinal and uterus relaxation, bronchodilation, calorigenesis, glycogenolysis, bladder wall relaxiation

48
Q

what is beta3 involved in

A

thermogenesis

49
Q

what does reserpine do

A

blocks synthesis and storage of norepinephrine

50
Q

what does guanethidine

A

blocks release of norepinephrine

51
Q

what does phenoxybenzamine/phentolamine do

A

blocks sympathetic alpha receptors

52
Q

what does propranolol do

A

blocks sympathetic beta1 and beta2 receptors

53
Q

what does metoprolol do

A

blocks most sympathetic beta1 receptors

54
Q

what does hexamethonium do

A

blocks transmission through autonomic ganglia

55
Q

what does inhibit acetylcholinesterase

A

neostigmine, pyridostigmine, ambenonium

56
Q

what drugs block cholinergic activity

A

atropine, homatropine, scopolamine

57
Q

what is the effect of sympathetics and parasym on the eye

A

sym: pupil dilation. para: pupil constriction and lens focusing

58
Q

what are the glands of the lower GI tract mostly stimulated by

A

enteric system

59
Q

how does the sympathetic system effect arterial pressure

A

results in acute increase in arterial pressure but little effect long term

60
Q

how does the parasympathetic system effect arterial pressure

A

decreases pumping of heart but little effect on blood pressure

61
Q

how does sympathetic and parasympathetic generally effect endodermal structures

A

sym inhibits and parasym excites

PHYSIOLOGY SEMESTER 2 (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions