Lecture 23 & 24- Sensory System Flashcards
Sensory receptors transduce _____ and transmit signals to the CNS
stimulus energy
A sensory receptor converts stimulus energy into a change in the ______
membrane potential
A sensory pathway begins with _____
detection of stimuli by sensory receptors
sensory cells
neuron or cell that regulates neuron
Mechanoreceptors sense
physical deformation caused by forms of mechanical energy
Chemoreceptors
transmit info about total solute concentration or specific molecules
When a stimulus molecule binds to a chemoreceptor, the receptor _____
becomes more or less permeable to ions
electromagnetic receptors
detect electromagnetic energy such as light, electricity, and magnetism
Thermoreceptors detect
heat and cold
Nociceptors are known as
pain receptors
nociceptors detect
stimuli that reflect harmful condition
nociceptors respond to
- extreme pressure/ temperature
- chemicals released from damaged or inflamed tissues
what is sensory transduction
the conversion of stimulus energy into a change in the membrane potential of a sensory receptor
The change in membrane potential results from
the flow of ions across the membrane
the magnitude of the ion flow across the membrane depends on the ____
strength of the stimulus
What is transmission?
sensory information travels through the nervous system as action potentials
Stimuli from different sensory receptors travel as ____ along dedicated neural pathways
action potentials
Perceptions are the brains construction of ____
stimuli
For hearing and sense of balance, settling particles or moving fluid is detected by ____
mechanoreceptors
Statocysts are
organs in most invertebrates containing mechanoreceptors used to maintain equilibrium
Statocysts contain mechanoreceptors that detect the movement of granules called ___
Statoliths
Other ways insects detect sound`
- body hairs
- localized organs consisting of a tympanic membrane stretched over an internal air chamber
Outer ear
Outer most portion of the ear that funnels sound to the tympanic membrane
Middle ear
air-filled middle portion of the ear, which contains 3 small bones that amplify sound and transmit it from the tympanic membrane to the inner hear
Inner ear
has the cochlea (which receives vibrations from the middle ear) and the semicircular canals (balance)
Cochlea
coiled tube with a set of internal membranes that divide into three chambers
Hair cells bending causes ___
ion channels to open or close
Semicircular canals detect
angular head movements
Utricle and saccule detect
position with respect to gravity
Lateral line systems in fishes contain _____ with hair cells that
mechanoreceptors
detect and respond to water movement
