Lecture 23 & 24- Sensory System

Question 1

Sensory receptors transduce _____ and transmit signals to the CNS

Answer 1

stimulus energy

Question 2

A sensory receptor converts stimulus energy into a change in the ______

Answer 2

membrane potential

Question 3

A sensory pathway begins with _____

Answer 3

detection of stimuli by sensory receptors

Question 4

sensory cells

Answer 4

neuron or cell that regulates neuron

Question 5

Mechanoreceptors sense

Answer 5

physical deformation caused by forms of mechanical energy

Question 6

Chemoreceptors

Answer 6

transmit info about total solute concentration or specific molecules

Question 7

When a stimulus molecule binds to a chemoreceptor, the receptor _____

Answer 7

becomes more or less permeable to ions

Question 8

electromagnetic receptors

Answer 8

detect electromagnetic energy such as light, electricity, and magnetism

Question 9

Thermoreceptors detect

Answer 9

heat and cold

Question 10

Nociceptors are known as

Answer 10

pain receptors

Question 11

nociceptors detect

Answer 11

stimuli that reflect harmful condition

Question 12

nociceptors respond to

Answer 12

• extreme pressure/ temperature
• chemicals released from damaged or inflamed tissues

Question 13

what is sensory transduction

Answer 13

the conversion of stimulus energy into a change in the membrane potential of a sensory receptor

Question 14

The change in membrane potential results from

Answer 14

the flow of ions across the membrane

Question 15

the magnitude of the ion flow across the membrane depends on the ____

Answer 15

strength of the stimulus

Question 16

What is transmission?

Answer 16

sensory information travels through the nervous system as action potentials

Question 17

Stimuli from different sensory receptors travel as ____ along dedicated neural pathways

Answer 17

action potentials

Question 18

Perceptions are the brains construction of ____

Answer 18

stimuli

Question 19

For hearing and sense of balance, settling particles or moving fluid is detected by ____

Answer 19

mechanoreceptors

Question 20

Statocysts are

Answer 20

organs in most invertebrates containing mechanoreceptors used to maintain equilibrium

Question 21

Statocysts contain mechanoreceptors that detect the movement of granules called ___

Answer 21

Statoliths

Question 22

Other ways insects detect sound`

Answer 22

• body hairs
• localized organs consisting of a tympanic membrane stretched over an internal air chamber

Question 23

Outer ear

Answer 23

Outer most portion of the ear that funnels sound to the tympanic membrane

Question 24

Middle ear

Answer 24

air-filled middle portion of the ear, which contains 3 small bones that amplify sound and transmit it from the tympanic membrane to the inner hear

Question 25

Inner ear

Answer 25

has the cochlea (which receives vibrations from the middle ear) and the semicircular canals (balance)

Question 26

Cochlea

Answer 26

coiled tube with a set of internal membranes that divide into three chambers

Question 27

Hair cells bending causes ___

Answer 27

ion channels to open or close

Question 28

Semicircular canals detect

Answer 28

angular head movements

Question 29

Utricle and saccule detect

Answer 29

position with respect to gravity

Question 30

Lateral line systems in fishes contain _____ with hair cells that

Answer 30

mechanoreceptors
detect and respond to water movement