Lecture 17- Fungi Flashcards
Fungi are _____
heterotrophs
heterotroph definition
organisms that cannot make their own food and instead eat other organisms for energy and nutrients
types of mushrooms that exist
- Decomposer
- Mutualist
- Parasite
DIfferent body structures of fungi
- Hypha form
- Yeast form
Hyphae definition
network of tiny filaments
Chitlin funciton (fungi)
prevent cells from bursting when they take in nutrients
Arbuscules definition
specialized branching hyphae through which fungi exchange nutrients with plants
Arbuscules is an example of _____ fungi
mutualist
Fungi can produce spores _______ or _______
asexually or sexually
Hyphae from two mycelia release ____ during sexual reproduction
pheromones
When hyphae release pheromones to different mating types:
pheromones bind and hyphae fuse
When hyphae release pheromones to the same mating types:
no reproduction
Advantages of asexual reproduction
- faster
- no need for a mate
when is asexual reproduction most advantageous?
when the population has been in the same environment for a long time and is already adapted to that environment (stable)
Zoospores definition
flagellated spores (sperm)
Chytrids are _____ and ______
decomposers and parasites
how would you describe the evolution of spore type in fungi?
divergent evolution
What are Asci?
saclike structure where spore are produced
ascocarp definition
fruiting body developed during sexual stage (contain asci)
Defining feature of ascomycetes
asci
Lichens are _____ organisms
composite
Lichens are comprised of
a fungus living in a symbiotic relationship with an alga or cyanobacterium
Basidiomycetes are
mutualists that form mycorrhizae
Basidium are
specialized structure that produce spores during sexual reproduction
