Lecture 23/01/2017 Flashcards
What was one of the major contributing factors to the disappearance of the Aral Sea?
Water flowing into the Aral Sea was diverted by the USSR for cotton production - an attempt was made to divert water back to the Aral Sea which hasn’t had a big impact on the remaining water level.
What are the two different desal. methods?
- Filters/membrane
2. Distillation (conventional and solar)
What is the main action/process which solar (survival) water stills use?
Condensation
Water that reenters the environment after being heated (i.e., used in an industrial coolant) isn’t just warmer, it has more _______.
energy
Early use of metals was aprox. ______ years ago
6000
What are examples of metals used aprox. 6000 years ago?
(e.g., Cu, Au, Sn [tin], Fe [iron])
What two metals are combined to make bronze?
Cu + Sn
What is Metalogy?
the scientific study of metals
What ore and fossil fuel combination were in major demand during the industrial revolution?
Iron + Coal (heat from burning coal blast furnaces is used to separate iron from ore)
How is limestone used in the the iron ore extraction process?
Limestone is used as a “flux” in the iron ore extraction process to remove “gangue” (the liquid form of slag).
What defines an abundant mental?
Greater than 0.1% crustal abundance
Examples of Alkali metals
Alkali metals (e.g., Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr)
Minerals are the _______ _______ of rocks
building blocks
Mineral
- A naturally occurring inorganic solid element;
- OR a compound with a definite chemical composition; and
- Regular internal crystal structure
___________ are the hardest natural substance known on earth.
diamonds
