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ANAT 323 > lecture 22: subcortical fibers > Flashcards

lecture 22: subcortical fibers Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 3 general categories of the white matter pathways of the brain

A

commissural fibers
association fibers
projection fibers

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2
Q

connect cortical areas of the left and right hemispheres (across the midline)

what type of fibers

A

comissural

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3
Q

what do commisurral fibers connect

A

connect cortical areas of the left and right hemispheres (across the midline)

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4
Q

give an example of a commissural fibers

A

corpus calosum

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5
Q

connect cortical areas within the same cerebral hemisphere (one side of the brain)

what type of white matter fibers

A

association fibers

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6
Q

what do assication fibers connect

A

connect cortical areas within the same cerebral hemisphere (one side of the brain)

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7
Q

give an example of an association finer

A

fibers connecting occipital lobe to temporal

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8
Q

connect the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures of the CNS

what white matter fibres

A

projection fibres

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9
Q

What do projection fibers connect

A

connect the cerebral cortex and subcortical structures of the CNS

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10
Q

give an example pr projection fibers

A

corona radiate
internal capsule

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11
Q

true or false: the internal capsule white matter is considered association fibers and explain

A

false, they are projection fibers since they are connectio=ng the cerebral cortex to subcortical structures (thalamus)

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12
Q

what white matter fiber category does corpus callosum belong to (C, A, P?)

A

commissural

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13
Q

what is the largest commissural tract in the brain

A

corpus callosum

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14
Q

true or false: the corpus callosum is the the largest commissural tract in the brain

A

true

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15
Q

what are the 4 divisions of the corpus callosum

A

rostrum
splenium
body
genu

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16
Q

is rostrum of corpus callosum near pineal gland or pituirary gland

A

pituitary gland

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17
Q

is splenum of corpus callosum near pineal gland or pituirary gland

A

pineal gland

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18
Q

what connects the frontal lobes in the corpus callosum

A

forceps minor (ant forceps)

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19
Q

what connects the occipital lobes in the corpus callosum

A

forceps major

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20
Q

true or false: the forceps minor connects occipital lobe

A

false, connects the frontal lobes

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21
Q

what part of the corpus callosum makes up the forceps minor

A

genu

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22
Q

what part of the corpus callosum makes up the forceps major

A

splenium

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23
Q

splenium of the CC makes the forceps major or forceps minor

A

major

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24
Q

genu of the CC makes the forceps major or forceps minor

A

forceps minor

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25
Q

what are the u shaped fibers in the corpus callosum connecting lobes

A

forceps minor and major

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26
Q

in the forceps minor more anterior or posterior

A

anterior

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27
Q

in the forceps major more anterior or posterior

A

posterior

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28
Q

what are the 4 examples of commissural fibers

A

corpus callus (forceps major and minor)
anterior comissure
posterior commissure
hippocampal commisuri

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29
Q

which commisural finer connects the left and right temporal lobe

A

anterior commisirea

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30
Q

anterior or posterior commisural finer connects the left and right temporal lobe

A

anterior commissure

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31
Q

is the anterior commissure located near rostrum or selenium of CC

A

rostrum

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32
Q

explain how the anterior commissure contains olfactory fibers

A

medial olfactory stria decussates via anterior commissure to go to contralateral olfactory bulb (for localization of smells)

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33
Q

what is another name for the posterior commissure and why

A

epithalamic commisure

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34
Q

the psoturerior commissure is part of what structures

A

epithalamus
and component of the inferior lamina of the pineal gland

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35
Q

olfactory fibers are involved in the anterior or posterior commissure

A

anterior

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36
Q

pupillary light reflex is involved with the anterior or posterior commissure

A

posterior (pretectal cross over in the posterior commissure)

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37
Q

explain how the posterior commissure is involved i the pupillary light reflex

A

the pretectal nuclei project to the bilateral accessory oculomotor nucleus and decussate via the posterior commissaire

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38
Q

what white matter fibre connects the two hippocampi

A

hippocampal commissure

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39
Q

ADD SLIDES ABOUT THE SPLIT BRAIN SYNDROME

A
40
Q

WHAT Do short association fibers connecti

A

adjacent gyri

41
Q

what are the white matter fibers that connect adjacent gyri caleld

A

short association fibers

42
Q

what are 5 examples of long association fibers

A

cingulum
superior longitudinal fasicualtus
inferior longitudinal fascicles
occipitofrontal fascicle
uncinate fasciculi

43
Q

cingulum
superior longitudinal fasicualtus
inferior longitudinal fascicles
occipitofrontal fascicle
uncinate fasciculi

are short or long association fibers

A

long

44
Q

true or false: long association fibers connect 1 lobe to another within the same hemisphere

A

true

45
Q

which association fiber connects different regions of the limbic cortex

A

cingulum

46
Q

what does the cingulum connect

A

connects different regions of the limbic cortex

47
Q

where is the cingulum located

A

wraps around corpus calosum, into temporal lobe

(tracts from the cingulum are within subcollasal, ci=ngulate and parrahippo)

48
Q

wraps around corpus calosum, into temporal lobe

what white matter long association fiber>

A

cingulum

49
Q

tracts from the cingulum are within which gyri

A

subcollsoal
cingulate
parahippocampal

50
Q

what is the function of the cingulum

A

attention, memory, emotion, homeostasis

51
Q

attention, memory, emotion, homeostasis is assocaited with what association fiber

A

cingulum

52
Q

what does the superior longitudinal fasciculus connect

A

connects frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal lobes

53
Q

where is the location of the superior long fasciculus

A

above the insula

54
Q

which association fiber is located above the insula

A

superior longitudinal

55
Q

what is considered a subset of the superior longitdinal fascicles that is important for language

A

arcuate fasciuculus

56
Q

true or false, the arcuate fascicles is a subset of the inferior longitudinal fasculus

A

false, of the superior

57
Q

what is the roles of the superior longitudinal fascicles

A

roles in language, controlling speech, coordination of eye movements to track visual stimuli (frontal eye fields and PTO)

58
Q

roles in language, controlling speech, coordination of eye movements to track visual stimuli (frontal eye fields and PTO)

which association fiber

A

superior longitudinal fasciulus

59
Q

explain how the superior longitudinal fascicles is involved in coordination of eye movements to track visual stimuli

A

connections from frontal eye fields and PTO to PPRF

60
Q

what does the inferior longitudinal fasciculus connect

A

connects occipital and temporal lobes (ventral stream of visual processing)

61
Q

where is the location of the inferior long fasciculus

A

below the insula

62
Q

which association fiber is located below the insula

A

inferior longitudinal fasciulus

63
Q

facilitates rapid transfer of visual info to limbic structures for visual memory, perception and facial recognition

which association fiber

A

inferior longitudinal fasculusw

64
Q

what is the function of the inferior longitudinal fasciculus

A

facilitates rapid transfer of visual info to limbic structures for visual memory, perception and facial recognition

65
Q

is the occipitofrontal fasciculi in a caudal-rostral orientation
or ventral dorsal

A

caudal rostral

66
Q

where do the occipitofrontal fascicle carry information

A

from the caudal aspect of the brain (esp occipital lobe) to the prefrontal cortex

67
Q

occipitofrontal fascicoli carry info rom the caudal aspect of the brain (esp occipital lobe) to the BLANK

A

prefrontal cortex

68
Q

what is the function of the occipitofrontal fascicle

A

carry sensory info to the prefrontal cortex for attention, decision making and language functions

69
Q

true or falseL the occipital frontal fascicle is decision making based on visual info

A

true

70
Q

what does the uncinate fascicles connect

A

connects limbic structures in the temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex

71
Q

connects limbic structures in the temporal lobe and prefrontal cortex

is assocaited with what association fibers

A

uncinate

72
Q

the rostral fibers of the uncinate fascicles mix with what other structure

A

the occipitofrontal fascicles

73
Q

function of the uncinate fascicles

A

theories include episodic memory, language, and social emotional processing

74
Q

theories include episodic memory, language, and social emotional processing

function of what association fiber

A

uncinate

75
Q

what is episodic memory

A

memory information about the time and place of an event, as well as detailed information about the event itself.

76
Q

collection of efferent and afferent pathways connection cortical and subcortical structures is what type of white matter fibers

A

projection fibers

77
Q

what are 4 examples of the projection fibers

A

corona radiate
internal capsule
external capsula
extreme capsule

78
Q

what is the corona radiate

A

fan-shaped white matter sheet

79
Q

connects cortex and basal ganglia is what white matter projection fiber

A

external capsule

80
Q

what does external capsule connect

A

connects cortex and basal ganglia

81
Q

what does the extreme capsule connect

A

connects claustrum and insula

82
Q

connects claustrum and insula is what white matter projection fiber

A

extreme capsule

83
Q

what are the caudal most projections of the corona radiate

A

optic radiations

84
Q

what is the primary function of the optic radiations

A

to carry visual info from the thalamus to the visual cortex

85
Q

what forms the walls of the lateral ventricles

A

caudate

86
Q

what forms the lateral walls of the 3rd ventricle

A

thalamus

87
Q

true or false, the internal capsule is an association fiber

A

false, it is a projection fiber

88
Q

where is the posterior limb of IC located

A

between thalamus and LF

89
Q

what supplies the posterior limb

A

anterior choroidal

90
Q

what are the fibers of the posterior limb

A

corticospinal
corticopontine (cerebrocerebellar pathway)
corticofugal (central central of extrapyramidal)
3rd order sensory fibers (thalamocortical)

91
Q

what are the primary fibers of the genu of the IC

A

primarily corticonuclear fibers (and sensory info from the face)

92
Q

where is the anterior limb located

A

between head of caudate and lentiform nucleus

93
Q

what fibers are located in the anterior limb

A

corticopontine
corticofugak
other thalamocortical fibers

=no voluntary of concious pathways that pass here

94
Q

auditory and optic radiations radiate from where to where

A

radiate from medial and lateral geniculate nuclei to cortex

95
Q

what radiates from medial and lateral geniculate nuclei

A

auditory (medial)
optic (lateral)

96
Q
A

ANAT 323 (25 decks)

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