Lecture 22

Question 1

spinal cord anatomy

Answer 1

gray matter, white matter
dorsal root, ventral root
central canal

Question 2

cranial nerve

Answer 2

12 cranial nerve
10 trigeminal nerve that innervate the face, 1 olfactory nerve, 1 optic nerve

Question 3

early development

Answer 3

fertilized egg, ball of cell, blastocyst
week 1: inner cells mass, week 3: embryonic disk& neural plate
forebrain(cerebral hemisphere, thalamus), midbrain(midbrain), hindbrain(pons, medulla)

Question 4

cerebrospinal spinal fluid脑髓液

Answer 4

produced by choroid plexus脉络丛 in 4 ventricle, mainly 2 lateral ventricle
rate: 500ml/day

Question 5

function of CSF

Answer 5

support CNS, provide nourishment, remove metabolic waste through absorption at arachnoid villi

Question 6

passive circulation of CSF inside brain

Answer 6

ventricle
foramen of monro脑室 where 2 lateral attach to third ventricle
to behind the brain through cerebral aqueduct
flow down and go to central canal

Question 7

passive circulation of CSF outside brain

Answer 7

leave through Lusaka & Magendie, subarachnoid space, arachnoid villi

Question 8

blood & brain

Answer 8

do not store glucose
glucose usually only substrate
glucose transport to brain do not require insulin

Question 8

3 minges

Answer 8

dura mater, arachnoid membrane, subarachnoid space(CSF), pia mater

Question 9

artery, brain

Answer 9

common carotid artery, external carotid artery-outside of head & internal carotid artery-base of brain & vertebral artery, circle of willis, capillary, vein

Question 10

astrocyte glial cell function

Answer 10

induce tight junction, structure supply, take up excess neurotransmitter, collect garbage

Question 11

medicine need to cross blood brain barrier

Answer 11

water, liposoluble(caffeine, alcohol, heroine)

Question 12

sensation& perception

Answer 12

sensation: awareness of sensory stimulatino
perception: understanding of a sensation’s meaning