Lecture 07

Question 1

3 plasma protein

Answer 1

fibrinogen, albumin, globulin

Question 2

4 causes of edema

Answer 2

decreased plasma protein
increased hydrostatic pressure
increased capillary permeability
obstruction of lymphatic dranage

Question 3

?=RBC; ?=platelet; ?=WBC

Answer 3

erythrocyte; thrombocyte; leukocyte

Question 4

phrase for “cytokine that influence the proliferation and differentiation of blood cell precursors”

Answer 4

hematopoietic growth factor

Question 5

general pattern of hematopoiesis

Answer 5

multipotential/ pluripotential stem cell self replication, leukopoiesis, thrombopoiesis, erythropoiesis

Question 6

site of hematopoiesis

Answer 6

at yolk sac
blood precursor formed after fertilization, decline over a week

at liver and spleen
start at a month, peak at 5 month

at bone marrow
start halfway of pregnancy& continually produced after birth
at axial skeleton, particularly at flat

bone
after birth

distal long bone
at beginning a lot, decline to almost nothing at 20

axial skeleton
rest of life

Question 7

axial skeleton有哪些

Answer 7

flat bone of skull, shoulder blade肩胛骨, sternum胸骨, vertebrae,椎骨 rib肋骨, pelvis骨盆, proximal epiphyses of long bones

Question 8

the shaft of bone= ?; the proximal end& distal end of bone= ?

Answer 8

diaphysis骨干; epiphysis骨端

Question 9

RBC reason(biconcave)

Answer 9

spectrin link the membrane and the cytoskeleton to be able to form flexible network

Question 9

RBC advantage(biconcave)

Answer 9

maximal SA, minimal diffusion distance, squeeze through narrow capillary

Question 10

CBC 是什么的缩写

Answer 10

complete blood clot

Question 11

normal & abnormal RBC的5个单词(size&shape)

Answer 11

cell size
normocytic, microcytic, macrocytic
cell shape
sickle cell
spherocyte

Question 12

RBC enzyme& function

Answer 12

glycolytic enzyme-generate E
carbonic anhydrase- CO2 to bicarbonate, easy to transport

Question 13

hemoglobin strucutre

Answer 13

4 protein chain, 2 alpha, 2 beta

on each chain 1 heme region, Fe bind to heme region, O2 bind to heme

Question 13

3 function of hemoglobulin

Answer 13

transport of O2
transport of CO2
buffer

Question 14

why have hemoglobin inside RBC

Answer 14

otherwise COP increase, viscosity increase, small and easy to lost via kidney

Question 15

M&F compare

Answer 15

M more blood, more RBC per ml, more hemoglobin per ml

Question 16

5 factor affect ability of Hb to bind and release O2

Answer 16

T
ionic composition
pH
pCO2
intracellular enzyme conc

Question 17

erythropoiesis 7步

Answer 17

kidney sense hypoxia, release erythopoietin

erythropoietin travel through blood stream and end up at bone marrow where stimulate production of RBC
take 3-5 days for division& differentiation of RBC

once the new RBC enter circulation, recognized as newborn blood cell/reticulocyte for 24 h

after 24h, indistinguishable from other RBC

increase in O2 capacity in plasma
kidney sense not hypoxia state, negative FB

Question 18

factor determining #(RBC)

Answer 18

O2 requirement
O2 availability