Lecture 21: Digestive System 2 Flashcards
Saliva contains
Water, salts, mucin, enzymes (amylase, maltase, lipase), IgA, lysosome, lactoferrin, and suspended cells (desquamated epithelial cells, leukocytes, bacteria)
4 functions of saliva
- Digestion
- Provide moisture and lube
- Participates in local immunity
- Provides evaporative cooling
Major salivary glands
- Parotid
- Sublingual
- Submandibular
Minor salivary glands
- Lingual
- Palatal
- Labial
- Buccal
- Zygomatic (carnivores)
- Molar (cats)
Three types of secretions in salivary glands
- Serous
- Mucus
- Mixed
Stroma (large salivary glands)
- Connective tissue capsule and trabeculae
- Blood vessels and lymph vessels
- Nerves and intramural ganglion
Parenchyma (large salivary glands)
- Adenomeres as secretory units
- Ducts (intercalated, intralobular/striated, interlobular)
Largest visceral organ, weighing 1-4% body weight
liver
Dual blood supply of the liver sinusoids
- 70% to 80% of blood comes from the portal vein
- Smaller amount supplied by the hepatic artery, blood rich in O2
Each lobe of the liver is covered by
mesothelium located over a CT layer known as the capsule of glisson
Hepatocytes
Parenchymal cells arranged in plates with adjacent sinusoids
Plates in liver are organized into
hepatic lobules
Chylomicrons are mainly transported by
lymph vessels
Exocrine secretion of the liver that is important for the digestion of lipids
Bile
Two poles of hepatocytes
Bile pole
Vascular
Hepatic sinusoid
fenestrated capillary (without diaphragms, do not have basal lamina).
Lipids and carbs are stored on the liver in the form of
triglycerides and glycogen
Hepatocyte function
Supplies body with energy between meals
What are seen at the edges of the hepatic lobule
Portal tract with a branch of the hepatic artery, branch of the portal vein, and bile ductules
Blood from portal area enters _____ and…
sinusoids and flows towards central vein