Lecture 18: Male Reproductive System

Question 1

4 functions of male reproductive organs

Answer 1

1. Production of male sex cells
2. Production of the male sex hormone testosterone
3. Introduction of male gametes into the female reproductive organs
4. Production of other hormones such as PMDH/AMH in male embryo and inhibin in adult

Question 2

Where is the site of spermatogenesis

Answer 2

Testis

Question 3

Where is the site of the production of sex hormones

Answer 3

Testis

Question 4

Parenchyma of testes is composed of

Answer 4

Seminiferous tubules with sertoli cells

Question 5

Interstitium of testes contains

Answer 5

Interstitial cells of leydig

Question 6

Two testicular tunics

Answer 6

1. Tunicae vaginalis

2. Tunica albuinea

Question 7

Tunica vaginalis is composed of

Answer 7

Mesothelium and a connective layer

Question 8

Two components of the tunica vaginalis

Answer 8

1. Parietal, which blends and is attached to the CT of the scrotum
2. Visceral, surrounds the testis and the epididymis

Question 9

Tunica albuginea

Answer 9

A capsule of dense connective tissue composed to collagen fibers, a few elastic fibers and myofibroblasts

Question 10

Tunica albuginea is continuous with

Answer 10

Connective tissue trabeculae named septule testis

Question 11

What separates the seminiferous tubules

Answer 11

Septule testis

Question 12

Seminiferous tubules are lined by

Answer 12

spermatogenic epithelium

Question 13

What are located between seminiferous tubules

Answer 13

Leydig

Question 14

Spermatogenic epithelium is surrounded by

Answer 14

Lamina propria of collagen and elastic fibers

Question 15

What are the most immature spermatogenic cells

Answer 15

spermatogonia

Question 16

Spermatogonia lies next to

Answer 16

the basement membrane

Question 17

Spermatic pathway

Answer 17

1. Seminiferous tubules
2. Tubuli recti
3. Rete testis
4. Efferent ductules
5. Epididymal duct
6. Ductus Vas deferens
7. Pelvic urethra
8. Penile urethra

Question 18

Seminoma

Answer 18

Composed of intratubular neoplastic cells with characteristics of seminiferous cells, which are compressing adjacent tubules

Question 19

Sertoli cells are characterized by

Answer 19

Presence of tight junctions that divide the seminiferous epithelium into a basal and adluminal compartment

Question 20

Six functions of sertoli cells

Answer 20

1. Support, protect, nourish spermatogenic cells
2. Secrete supporting testicular fluid
3. Protect (via tight junctions) spermatids from the immune system
4. Have receptors for SH, which results in a release of androgen binding protein, which binds to androgens and influences germ cell differentiation
5. Synthesizes anti-Mulleriuan hormone in the embryo and prevents the formation of the mullerian duct and oviduct
6. Releases hormone inhibin which suppresses secretion of FSH

Question 21

Nucleus of Leydig cells

Answer 21

small, round, euchromatic, and eccentric

Question 22

Cytoplasm of Leydig cells

Answer 22

Acidophilic and foamy due to lipid presence

Question 23

What do Leydig cells secrete

Answer 23

Testosterone

Question 24

What are Leydg cells controlled by

Answer 24

Interstitial cells stimulating hormone (ICSH)

Question 25

Testosterone is produced by

Answer 25

Leydig cells

Question 26

Three androgenic responsibilities of testosterone

Answer 26

1. Responsible for secondary male sex characteristics 2. Sex drive 3. Stimulates development and secretory activity of male sex accessory glands

Question 27

Anabolic effect of testosterone

Answer 27

Stimulates growth of skeletal muscles and bones

Question 28

4 things the spermatic cord is composed of

Answer 28

1. Testicular artery 2. Testicular vein 3. Lymphatics 4. Ductus deferens

Question 29

Seminiferous tubules terminate...

Answer 29

As straight testicular tubules that empty into the anastomising channels of the rete testis

Question 30

What lines the rete testis

Answer 30

Simple squamous to cuboidal

Question 31

Rete testis empties into

Answer 31

efferent ductules which lead to the epipidymal duct

Question 32

Epididymal ductis lined by

Answer 32

Psuedostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia

Question 33

Three main functions of epididymal duct

Answer 33

1. Fluid resorption (90%) 2. Secretion of glycerophosphocholine 3. Site of sperm storage (in the tail)

Question 34

What is the ductus deferens lined by

Answer 34

Pseudostratified columnar epithelium with stereocilia

Question 35

Ductus deferens is characterized by

Answer 35

Prominent muscularis = peristaltic contractions that propel spermatozoa

Question 36

Terminal portion of the ductus deferens

Answer 36

ejaculatory duct

Question 37

Ampulla

Answer 37

A male accessory gland located near the junction of the urethra and the ductus deferens in ruminants

Question 38

4 Accessory sex glands

Answer 38

1. Bulbourethral glands 2. Prostate gland 3. Ampullary gland 4. Vesicular gland (seminal vesicles)

Question 39

Accessory glands are lined by

Answer 39

simple or psuedostratified epithelium

Question 40

What accessory glands are tubuloalveolar

Answer 40

All of them

Question 41

Seminal vesicles are lined by

Answer 41

psuedostratified epithelium with tall columnar cells and basal cells

Question 42

Are vesicular glands present in carnivores?

Answer 42

Nope

Question 43

Purpose of seminal vesicles

Answer 43

Produce fructose which is the source of energy for sperm cells

Question 44

Prostate

Answer 44

Multilobulated gland that surrounds the prostatic urethra

Question 45

Prostate is surrounded by

Answer 45

a fibroelastic capsule

Question 46

Prostate is lined by

Answer 46

simple cuboidal to columnar, sometimes psuedostratified epithelium

Question 47

What is often seen in the lumen of the prostate gland

Answer 47

corpora amylacea

Question 48

What kind of muscle surrounds the prostate gland

Answer 48

smooth

Question 49

Bulbourethral glands empty into the

Answer 49

pelvic urethra

Question 50

Bulbourethral glands are lined by

Answer 50

tall simple cuboidal/columnar epithelium

Question 51

What acts as a lubricant in the urethra?

Answer 51

Mucous secretion

Question 52

Three portions of the male urethra

Answer 52

1. Prostatic 2. Pelvic 3. Penile