lecture 20 - cranial nerves of the medulla Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 2 roots of the accessory nerve?

A

Cranial root, spinal root

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2
Q

Which cranial nerves arise from the nucleus ambigous?

A

Vagus nerve, Cranial XI

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3
Q

Where does the spinal root of nerve XI arise?

A

The accessory nucleus in the spinal cord (C1-C5)

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4
Q

What does Cranial XI supply?

A

The muscles of the larynx and pharynx, alongside the vagus nerve

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5
Q

What does spinal XI supply?

A

The trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles

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6
Q

What are the important nuclei for Cranial nerves X and XI?

A

Nucleus of tractus solitarius, nucleus ambiguous, superior salivatory, inferior salivatory, dorsal motor nucleus of X

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7
Q

What are the functions of the nucleus of tractus solitaius?

A

T for taste, S for visceral sensation

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8
Q

Which cranial nerves are associated with Nucleus of tractus solitarius?

A

N, T, S = Nine, Ten (X + CrXI), Seven

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9
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies taste sensation for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

Facial nerve (VII)

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10
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies taste sensation for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)

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11
Q

Which cranial nerve supplies taste sensation for the epiglottis?

A

Vagus nerve (X/CrXI)

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12
Q

What are the general visceral sensation inputs to the nucleus of tractus solitarius from CNVII?

A

none

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13
Q

What are the general visceral sensation inputs to the nucleus of tractus solitarius from CNIX?

A

Carotid sinus baroreceptors, carotid body chemoreceptors

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14
Q

What are the general visceral sensation inputs to the nucleus of tractus solitarius from CNX and CrXI?

A

Aortic arch baroreceptors, aortic body chemoreceptors, lung stretch receptors, gut stretch receptors

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15
Q

What are the visceral motor nuclei found in the brain stem?

A

Dorsal Motor X, salivatory nuclei (superior & inferior), Edinger-Westphal nucleus

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16
Q

Which cranial nerve is associated with the Inferior salivatory nucleus?

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve

17
Q

Which cranial nerve is associated with the superior salivatory nucleus?

A

Facial nerve

18
Q

Which gland is stimulated by activation of CNIX via the inferior salivatory nucleus?

A

Parotid gland

19
Q

Which glands are stimulated by activation of CNVII via the superior salivatory nucleus?

A

Sublingual gland, submandibular (‘sup goes to sub’)

20
Q

Which brain stem nucleus has bilateral hemipshere input?

A

nucleus ambiguus

21
Q

What motor outputs are associated with the nucleus ambiguus?

A

Muscles of the throat and larynx for talking, swallowing and breathing

22
Q

Why will a unilateral UMN lesions of the nucleus ambiguus cause no major problems?

A

Because the nucleus receives bilateral hemishperal input,

23
Q

Which cranial nerves are associated with the nucleus ambiguus?

A

IX, X/CrXI

24
Q

What type of information is conveyed in the nucleus of the spinal tract?

A

Somatic afferent/sensory

25
Q

What is the primary cranial nerve of the nucleus of the spinal tract?

A

Trigeminal (V)

26
Q

What are the secondary cranial nerves that carry somatic sensation to the nucleus of the spinal tract?

A

VII, IX, X, CrXI

27
Q

Which cranial nerves does the gag reflex test?

A

Glossopharyngeal (IX) (sensation at back of throat), Vagus (X) (motor to muscles of pharynx)