lecture 20 - cranial nerves of the medulla Flashcards
What are the 2 roots of the accessory nerve?
Cranial root, spinal root
Which cranial nerves arise from the nucleus ambigous?
Vagus nerve, Cranial XI
Where does the spinal root of nerve XI arise?
The accessory nucleus in the spinal cord (C1-C5)
What does Cranial XI supply?
The muscles of the larynx and pharynx, alongside the vagus nerve
What does spinal XI supply?
The trapezius and sternocleidomastoid muscles
What are the important nuclei for Cranial nerves X and XI?
Nucleus of tractus solitarius, nucleus ambiguous, superior salivatory, inferior salivatory, dorsal motor nucleus of X
What are the functions of the nucleus of tractus solitaius?
T for taste, S for visceral sensation
Which cranial nerves are associated with Nucleus of tractus solitarius?
N, T, S = Nine, Ten (X + CrXI), Seven
Which cranial nerve supplies taste sensation for the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Facial nerve (VII)
Which cranial nerve supplies taste sensation for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
Glossopharyngeal nerve (IX)
Which cranial nerve supplies taste sensation for the epiglottis?
Vagus nerve (X/CrXI)
What are the general visceral sensation inputs to the nucleus of tractus solitarius from CNVII?
none
What are the general visceral sensation inputs to the nucleus of tractus solitarius from CNIX?
Carotid sinus baroreceptors, carotid body chemoreceptors
What are the general visceral sensation inputs to the nucleus of tractus solitarius from CNX and CrXI?
Aortic arch baroreceptors, aortic body chemoreceptors, lung stretch receptors, gut stretch receptors
What are the visceral motor nuclei found in the brain stem?
Dorsal Motor X, salivatory nuclei (superior & inferior), Edinger-Westphal nucleus
Which cranial nerve is associated with the Inferior salivatory nucleus?
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Which cranial nerve is associated with the superior salivatory nucleus?
Facial nerve
Which gland is stimulated by activation of CNIX via the inferior salivatory nucleus?
Parotid gland
Which glands are stimulated by activation of CNVII via the superior salivatory nucleus?
Sublingual gland, submandibular (‘sup goes to sub’)
Which brain stem nucleus has bilateral hemipshere input?
nucleus ambiguus
What motor outputs are associated with the nucleus ambiguus?
Muscles of the throat and larynx for talking, swallowing and breathing
Why will a unilateral UMN lesions of the nucleus ambiguus cause no major problems?
Because the nucleus receives bilateral hemishperal input,
Which cranial nerves are associated with the nucleus ambiguus?
IX, X/CrXI
What type of information is conveyed in the nucleus of the spinal tract?
Somatic afferent/sensory
What is the primary cranial nerve of the nucleus of the spinal tract?
Trigeminal (V)
What are the secondary cranial nerves that carry somatic sensation to the nucleus of the spinal tract?
VII, IX, X, CrXI
Which cranial nerves does the gag reflex test?
Glossopharyngeal (IX) (sensation at back of throat), Vagus (X) (motor to muscles of pharynx)
