Lecture 2: cont. Flashcards
What is alternating hemiplegia and what type of stroke is it associated with?
ipsilateral face and contralateral body hemisphere impairment: brainstem stroke
Is the following statement True or False:
If a brainstem stroke happens above decussation: ipsilateral body/sensory impairments will be present.
False: contralateral
Brainstem Stroke affects what cranial nerves:
-ipsilateral or contralat?
CN III ~ XI, except XI
ipsilateral functional loss
What are the functions of ascending limb of reticular formation system in the brainstem?
Arousal and consciousness
stem of life, vital centers
Cerebellar blood supply:
-posterior inferior cerebellar lobe:
-anterior inferior cerebellar lobe:
-anterior lobe, superior posterior lobe
PICA
AICA
SCA
Posterior cerebellar lobe is supplied by?
SCA, AICA, PICA
A patient has a left MCA stroke. Which functions will be impaired?
contralateral upper limbs motor/sensory
language, aphasia, and behavioral/emotional impairments
Stroke of cerebellum: ______ functional impairment due to decussation in the pons or _________/________ –> ______ and _____ cerebellar peduncle
ipsilateral; medulla/spinal cord
middle and inferior peduncle
List out 2 pathways can the superficial infection spread into cranium and result in meningitis?
Emissary vein to superior sagittal sinus & dangerous triangle to cavernous sinus
loose connective tissue layer of scalp _________ vein.
emissary
veins in calveria_______
diploic veins
CSF flow: arachnoid granulations to _______
superior sagittal sinus
Dural venous sinus flow:
deep brain veins to great cerebral vein
great cerebral vein and inf. sagittal sinus to straight sinus to confluence of sinus
transverse sinus to sigmoid sinus to internal jugular vien
A patient complains of left face numbness and tingling but right trunk weakness after stroke. Where is the location for the stroke and why present such complicated S&S?
brainstem: alternating hemiplegia
weakest point around cranium:
pterion
What medical diagnosis is indicated by the image: (2)
CT or MRI?
Extra/Epidural hematoma
Shift of falx cerebri
CT
Subdural hematoma is a rupture of ______ vein
bridging
What hematoma occurs between the meningeal layer of dura and arachnoid and known for its crescent shape.
Subdural
Between arachnoid and pia:
fluid-filled: ____ and blood vessel
subarchnoid hemorrhage
CSF
What is a common site for aneurysm:
subarachnoid hemorrhage
________ & _______ hemorrhage increase risk of hydrocephalus
subarachnoid and interventricular
subarachnoid and interventricular hematomas generally have no big hematoma due to
dilution with CSF
What is a drug-induced stroke or related to high BP
intraparenchymal/intracerebral stroke
What’s the prevalence and mortality of parenchymal hematoma (AKA hemorrhagic stroke)?
13% of all strokes and 40% of death cases
What is the prevalence of ischemic strokes?
87% of all strokes and 60% of death cases
Is the following statement true or false:
parenchymal hematoma (AKA hemorrhagic stroke) are more common than ischemic strokes?
False: ischemic more common
Difference between epidural and subdural hematoma?
epidural: middle meningeal aa.
location: skull & outermost brain covering
subdural: rupture of bridging vein
location: meningeal layer of dura and arachnoid
What is the medical diagnosis of the image?
subdural hematoma
What is the medical diagnosis of the image?
epidural hematoma
List out arteries A-G
