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neurobiology > Lecture 2: cont. > Flashcards

Lecture 2: cont. Flashcards

1
Q

What is alternating hemiplegia and what type of stroke is it associated with?

A

ipsilateral face and contralateral body hemisphere impairment: brainstem stroke

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2
Q

Is the following statement True or False:
If a brainstem stroke happens above decussation: ipsilateral body/sensory impairments will be present.

A

False: contralateral

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3
Q

Brainstem Stroke affects what cranial nerves:
-ipsilateral or contralat?

A

CN III ~ XI, except XI
ipsilateral functional loss

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4
Q

What are the functions of ascending limb of reticular formation system in the brainstem?

A

Arousal and consciousness
stem of life, vital centers

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5
Q

Cerebellar blood supply:
-posterior inferior cerebellar lobe:
-anterior inferior cerebellar lobe:
-anterior lobe, superior posterior lobe

A

PICA
AICA
SCA

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6
Q

Posterior cerebellar lobe is supplied by?

A

SCA, AICA, PICA

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7
Q

A patient has a left MCA stroke. Which functions will be impaired?

A

contralateral upper limbs motor/sensory
language, aphasia, and behavioral/emotional impairments

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8
Q

Stroke of cerebellum: ______ functional impairment due to decussation in the pons or _________/________ –> ______ and _____ cerebellar peduncle

A

ipsilateral; medulla/spinal cord
middle and inferior peduncle

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9
Q

List out 2 pathways can the superficial infection spread into cranium and result in meningitis?

A

Emissary vein to superior sagittal sinus & dangerous triangle to cavernous sinus

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10
Q

loose connective tissue layer of scalp _________ vein.

A

emissary

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11
Q

veins in calveria_______

A

diploic veins

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12
Q

CSF flow: arachnoid granulations to _______

A

superior sagittal sinus

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13
Q

Dural venous sinus flow:

A

deep brain veins to great cerebral vein

great cerebral vein and inf. sagittal sinus to straight sinus to confluence of sinus

transverse sinus to sigmoid sinus to internal jugular vien

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14
Q

A patient complains of left face numbness and tingling but right trunk weakness after stroke. Where is the location for the stroke and why present such complicated S&S?

A

brainstem: alternating hemiplegia

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15
Q

weakest point around cranium:

A

pterion

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16
Q

What medical diagnosis is indicated by the image: (2)
CT or MRI?

A

Extra/Epidural hematoma
Shift of falx cerebri
CT

17
Q

Subdural hematoma is a rupture of ______ vein

A

bridging

18
Q

What hematoma occurs between the meningeal layer of dura and arachnoid and known for its crescent shape.

A

Subdural

19
Q

Between arachnoid and pia:

fluid-filled: ____ and blood vessel

A

subarchnoid hemorrhage
CSF

20
Q

What is a common site for aneurysm:

A

subarachnoid hemorrhage

21
Q

________ & _______ hemorrhage increase risk of hydrocephalus

A

subarachnoid and interventricular

22
Q

subarachnoid and interventricular hematomas generally have no big hematoma due to

A

dilution with CSF

23
Q

What is a drug-induced stroke or related to high BP

A

intraparenchymal/intracerebral stroke

24
Q

What’s the prevalence and mortality of parenchymal hematoma (AKA hemorrhagic stroke)?

A

13% of all strokes and 40% of death cases

25
Q

What is the prevalence of ischemic strokes?

A

87% of all strokes and 60% of death cases

26
Q

Is the following statement true or false:
parenchymal hematoma (AKA hemorrhagic stroke) are more common than ischemic strokes?

A

False: ischemic more common

27
Q

Difference between epidural and subdural hematoma?

A

epidural: middle meningeal aa.
location: skull & outermost brain covering

subdural: rupture of bridging vein
location: meningeal layer of dura and arachnoid

28
Q

What is the medical diagnosis of the image?

A

subdural hematoma

29
Q

What is the medical diagnosis of the image?

A

epidural hematoma

30
Q

List out arteries A-G

A

neurobiology (15 decks)

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