Lecture 2: Cells ad Tissues of the Adaptive immune system

Question 1

T cells mature mature under the influence of the ____ and, on stimulation by ___

Answer 1

thymus, antigen

Question 2

B cels mature mainly in the ___ and give rise ot humoral immunity that involves the production fo soluble molecules _____

Answer 2

• bone marrow, immunoglobulins

Question 3

Memory cells are ____ numerous than navive cells specific for the Ag and respond ____ and ____ effectivley than do naive cells

Answer 3

Memory cells are more numerous than naive cells specific for the Ag respond faster and more effectively than naive

Question 4

CD stands for cluster of differentation, which indicates a

Answer 4

defined subset of cellular surface receptors that identify cell type and stage of differentation

Question 5

___ and ___ are primary lymphoid organs

Answer 5

Bone marrow and thymus

Question 6

examples of secondary lymphoid organs

Answer 6

• spleen
• lymph nodes
• mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue

Question 7

starting at the ___ week of gestation, some stem cells migrate to the thymus and bone marrow

Answer 7

13th

Question 8

Naive lymphocytes typically die after __ to __ months if they do not recognize Antigen

Answer 8

1-3 months

Question 9

what cytokines play an importan role in the devlopment of T cells from progenitor cell

Answer 9

• IL-1
• IL-2
• IL-6
• IL-7

Question 10

The majority of T cells are produced ___ in human lives

Answer 10

early

Question 11

T cells which are highly reactive with self-Antigens are

Answer 11

deleted by apoptosis

Question 12

What cytokines are importn in the development of B cells from progenitor cells

Answer 12

• IL-1
• IL-6
• IL-7

Question 13

Differentiation into B cells occurs within the ____ and, after birth, in the ____

Answer 13

fetal liver, bone marrow

Question 14

Lymphocytes reenter the circulation from the lymph node via the efferent lymph vessels that merge into the

Answer 14

thoracic duct

Question 15

Ag-activated B cells proliferate in _____ and mature into memory or plasma cells

Answer 15

Germinal centers of lymph nodes

Question 16

In the spleen, Ag-activated B cells primarily produce Abs against mibroical

Answer 16

polysaccharides

Question 17

T cell and B cells zones of the spleen make up the

Answer 17

white pulp (periarteriolar lymphoid sheath (T cells) and lymphoid follicle wiht a germinal center toward margins (B cells)

Question 18

Plasma cells are rarely found in the peripheral blood but they comprise from ____ % fo the bone marrow white cell count

Answer 18

0.2%-2.8% of the bone marrow white cell count

Question 19

in the absence of Ag stimulation, follicles are _____ follicles, composed of small naive B cells or recirculating memory B cells

Answer 19

primary follicles

Question 20

professional APCs

Answer 20

• Dendritic cells
• Tissue macrophages
• B cells

Question 21

Only ___ can activate naive T cells

Answer 21

dendritic cells (DCs)

Question 22

To acquire Ags, DCs use ___, ___, and ____

Answer 22

• Phagocytosis
• receptor-mediated endocytosis
• pinocytosis

Question 23

Classical DCs reside in

Answer 23

• Skin
• Mucosa
• Organ Parenchyma

Question 24

Plasmacytoid DCs are early cellular responders to ____. They recognize ______ and produce

Answer 24

• viral infection
• They recognize nucleic acids of intracellular viruses and produce soluble proteins called type I interferons, which have potent antiviral activities

Question 25

besides classical and plasmacytoid DCs what are other forms of dendritc cells

Answer 25

• Populations of dendritic cells may also be derived from embryonic precursors (ex. Langerhan’s cells), and during inflammation (from monocytes)

Question 26

Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) bind and display

Answer 26

unrprocessed antigens on their surfaces for recognition by B cells only

Question 27

Follicular dendritic cells (FDCs) have a remarkable ability to

Answer 27

retain Ags on their cell surface for extended periods of time