Lecture 2 - Abdominal Wall and Peritoneum

Question 1

Central regions of the abdomen (sup to inf)

Answer 1

Epigastric, Umbilical, Pubic

Question 2

Outer regions of the abdomen (sup to inf)

Answer 2

Hypochondrium, Flank, Groin (all L&R)

Question 3

Layers of the abdominal wall?

Answer 3

Skin, Superficial fascia, Muscle, Transveralis Fascia, Parietal Peritoneum

Question 4

3 Muscles of abdominal wall?

Answer 4

External and internal obliques, transversalis abdominis

Question 5

Rectus Abdominus function?

Answer 5

Flex Trunk, Support/Compress Abdominal Wall

Question 6

Rectus Abdominus nerve supply?

Answer 6

anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves

Question 7

External Oblique Aponeurosis?

Answer 7

from Xiphoid process to pubic synphysis (lower border forms inguinal ligament)

Question 8

External Oblique Actions?

Answer 8

Flex trunk (both); turn to opposite side/bend trunk same side (single)

Question 9

External Oblique nerve supply?

Answer 9

anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves

Question 10

External Oblique fibre direction?

Answer 10

Infero-medial

Question 11

Internal Oblique action?

Answer 11

Flex trunk (both); turn and bend trunk to same side (single)

Question 12

Internal Oblique nerve supply?

Answer 12

anterior rami of thoracic spinal nerves (& some L1)

Question 13

Internal Oblique fibre direction?

Answer 13

supero-medial

Question 14

Transversus Abdominus action?

Answer 14

support abdominal wall

Question 15

Transversus Abdominus nerve supply?

Answer 15

Anterior rami of thoracic nerves (& some L1)

Question 16

The Rectus Sheath?

Answer 16

Tendons of thoracic wall muscles; surround Rectus Abdominis in upper 3/4, anterior aspect only in lower 1/4 (inf. to arcuate line)

Question 17

Purpose of arcuate line?

Answer 17

Allow thinner wall for inferior epigastric artery to pierce through

Question 18

Arterial supply to thoracic wall muscles?

Answer 18

Superior (from internal thoracic) and inferior epigastric (from external iliac)

Question 19

Thoracic Wall arteries pathway?

Answer 19

run underneath rectus abdominus within rectus sheath and anastomose

Question 20

Venous drainage of thoracic wall muscles?

Answer 20

thoracoepigastric veins to axillary (up), superficial epigastric veins to femoral (down)

Question 21

Cutaneous nerve supply?

Answer 21

anterior cutaneous branches of L1, as well as both anterior and lateral cutaneous branches of 7-12 intercostal nerves

Question 22

Dermatome landmark?

Answer 22

Umbilical = T10

Question 23

Visceral layer fold around?

Answer 23

Mesentery, anchors self to posterior body wall

Question 24

Parietal Peritoneum Sensation and supply?

Answer 24

pain, touch, temerature & pressure; somatic nerves T7-L1, Phrenic nerve, obturator nerve

Question 25

Visceral Peritoneum Sensation and Supply?

Answer 25

Sensitive to strech; ANS

Question 26

Intra-peritoneal?

Answer 26

completely surrounded by visceral & suspended by mesentery

Question 27

Retro-peritoneal?

Answer 27

between peritoneum and body wall

Question 28

Lesser Sac Location?

Answer 28

Under liver, behind stomach and lesser omentum

Question 29

Paracolic gutter location?

Answer 29

lateral to acsending/descending colons

Question 30

Paracolic gutter function?

Answer 30

pathway for peritoneal fluid to travel around abdomen

Question 31

Paracolic gutter right side importance?

Answer 31

larger, in contact w lesser sac