Lecture 17 - Liver Pathology Flashcards
5 responses to hepatic injury?
Degeneration and intracellular accumulation, necrosis and apoptosis, inflammation (hepatitis), regeneration, fibrosis
Hepatic failure?
endpoint of chronic damage, apparent w 80-90% loss of capacity, high mortality
Hepatic faiure triggers?
infection, GI bleeding
Hepatic failure clinical features?
jaundice, hypoalbuminaemia, elevated ammonia leading to neuro dysfunction
Effects of Cirrhosis?
Bridging fibrous septae, parenchymal nodules, vascular architecture reorganised w shunts, fibrosis
Alcoholic cirrhosis micro presentation?
thick bands of collagen separate cirrhotic nodules
Portal hypertension cause?
increased resistance to portal blood flow
Prehepatic hypertension?
obstructive thrombosis
Posthepatic hypertension?
severe R. sided heart failure
Intrahepatic hypertension?
cirrhosis
Consequences of portal hypertension?
Ascites, portosystemic shunts, congestive splenomegaly, hepatic encephalopathy
Hep A virus?
benign self-limited, incubation 2-6wk, doesn’t cause chronic hepatitis, asymptomatic or mild jaundice
Hepatitis B levels of hepatitis?
Acute resolved, chronic w cirrhosis, fulminant leads to massive necrosis
Hepatitis C?
fluid transit, acute undetected, >20% develop cirrhosis 5-20yr after infection
Features of an autoimmune disease?
genetic predisposition, other autoimmune, autoantibody presence, response to immunosuppresion
