Lecture 13 - Carbohydrate digestion

Question 1

Functions of Carbohydrate?

Answer 1

Supplies energy, protein sparing, prevents ketosis

Question 2

Disaccharide types and source?

Answer 2

Sucrose: table sugar; Lactose; milk products; Maltose: fermentation, alcohol products

Question 3

Carb Digestion: Mouth?

Answer 3

Salivary enzyme amylase begins to hydrate starch

Question 4

Carb Digestion: Stomach?

Answer 4

Stomach acid inactivates amylase halting digestion

Question 5

Small intestine: Pancreatic Amylase action?

Answer 5

Starch -> Small Polysaccharides, Maltose

Question 6

Small intesine: Disaccharidase action?

Answer 6

Maltose -> Glucose + Glucose; Sucrose -> Fructose and Glucose; Lactose -> Galactose + Glucose

Question 7

Soluble Fibre health benefits?

Answer 7

Binds fatty acid, prolongs stomach emptying time, lowers cholesterol, fermented by bacteria into SFA (enterocyte health), regulate blood sugar

Question 8

Insoluble Fibre health benefits?

Answer 8

Softens stool, increase transit time

Question 9

Recommended intake of carbs?

Answer 9

45-65% energy, 5% of which simple sugars

Question 10

Effect of high sugar diet?

Answer 10

Spikes of high blood sugar that fall quickly and causing repetitive hunger leading to overeating and fat gain