lecture 19: environmental considerations Flashcards
Density of air decreases progressively with what
ascension above sea level
at higher altitudes, what happnes to the partial pressure of o2
decrased partial pressure of ambient oxygen
what are the 3 altitude considerations
- Density of air decreases progressively with ascension above sea level
- Decreased partial pressure of ambient oxygen
- Increases difficulty to deliver oxygen to working muscles
true or false: at higher altitudes it is easier to deleiver oxygen to working muscles
false, it is harder
what is acute mounttain sickness
hypoxia at high altitudes
how do you get acute mountain sikcness
Rapid ascent (<24hours) to altitudes above 8,200ft
what are the SS of acute mountainn sickness
4-8 hours after arriving, headache*, dizziness, fatigue, nausea,
vomiting, suppressed appetite, insomnia, dyspnea, decreased
urine output, tachycardia
why do you get tachycardia in acute mountain sickness
heart is pumping more trying to get more oxygen to muscles
what is the management of acute mountain sickness
reduction in altitude, acclimatization, physical
conditioning, diets high in CHO and low in salt, avoid alcohol
what is a secondary complication of acute mountain sickness
High altitude cerebral edema or pulmonary edema
=medical emergencies
what is hypoatremia
low blood Na+
can you get hypoatremia from execise
yes
why can exercising lead to low blood Na+
Drinks excessive amounts of water, thus diluting the Na+
content of blood
• Also loss of Na+ through sweat
Arginine vasopressin (aka. Antidiuretic hormone) • Increased fluid reabsorption
what are the SS of hypoatremia
headache, confusion, nausea, cramping, bloating stomach, LOC
altered, significant mental compromise, swelling in the extremities,
seizures
what is the heat stress index
measure of ambient air temp, humidity and solar radient enerby
if there is a higher heat stress index, that increases the risk of what
heat related illness
what does black glove temp measure
radiant energy temp
what does ambient temp measure
air temperetaire
what measures all 3 (air temp, humidity and solar radient)
wet bulb temp
explain wet bulb temperature
temperature recorded by a thermometer bulb
surrounded by a wet wick
explain the green flag colour for the WBGT
low level of risk playing
less than 18 degrees
r
explain the yellow flag colour for the WBGT
18-23
moderal risk
risk increases as day goes on
explain the red flag colour for the WBGT
23-28
high risk
should be aware of complciations, at risk pops should not compete
higexplain the black flag colour for the WBGT
greater than 28 degrees
extreme or hazordous risk
=consider rescheduling or be on high alert
what are heat cramps
Painful, involuntary muscle spasms caused by excessive water and
electrolyte loss.
what is heat syncompe
Heat syncope: is a fainting (syncope) episode or dizziness that usually occurs with
prolonged standing or sudden rising from a sitting or lying position
what are some factors that may contribute to heat syncope
Factors that may
contribute to heat syncope include dehydration and lack of acclimatization
in heat exhasutrion body temp does not exceed what
40 degrees
in heeat stroke, temp rises to what
40.6
know the diff bectween heat exaustrion and heat stroke
..
how many practices should you have 1-5 days during acclimatization
1
how many practices should you have 6-14 days during acclimatization
2 per day only every other eye day
what should the equipment be for days 1-2 for heat acclimatization
helemts only
what should the equipment be for days 3-5 for heat acclimatization
helmets and shoulder pads
what should the equipment be for days 6-14 for heat acclimatization
full equip
what should the max duration of the practice be be for days 1-5 for heat acclimatization
3 hours
what should the max duration of the practice be be for days 6-14 for heat acclimatization
3 hours (max 5 hours if double preacice)
what should the contact be for days 1-2 for heat acclimatization
no contactt
what should the contact be for days 3-5 for heat acclimatization
contact only with blocking sleds/dummies
what should the contact be for days 6-14 for heat acclimatization
full 100% contact and live drills
what is the treatment for muscle cramps
- Replace lost fluids (sodium containing fluids)
* Mid, passive stretching
what is the treatment for heat exhaustrion and stroke
• Rapid cooling of the body (approx. 0.2C/minute)
• Gold standard: Ice immersion (1-15C or 35-59F)
• If ice immersion is not available, wet, ice towels, fans, crushed ice packs on
neck, axilla and groin, cool mist machines
• Electrolytes/fluids if person is conscious
if ice immersion is not availabl for heat exhaustaion, what should you do instrad
• If ice immersion is not available, wet, ice towels, fans, crushed ice packs on
neck, axilla and groin, cool mist machines
what is the gold standard tttreatment for heat exhaustrion and stroke
ice immesions
lihghtning tto thunder occurs withing how long
30 s
during thundersttorms, under cetrain conditions, activties can contrinue
false, in tthunder all outdoor activtiies must end
how long should you wait before resoming activtiy after thunersttrom
Wait at least 30 minutes after the last sound of thunder or lightning
flash to resume activity
what should you do if you are caught outdoors in a tthunderstrtom
crouched on the ground, do not lie flat on the
ground
