lecture 15: posture assessment Flashcards
what is the plumb line
a line from the center of the head down to the feet
explain the positions of plumb line
top of the head lobe of the ear center of the shoulder center of the hip joint center of knee joint (behind patella) in fronnt of ankle joint (between foot and hell)
what is the ideal posture antierio
chin in linne with middle of sternum, umbilicus and pubic symphysis
what is the ideal posture anteriorly for the head
neutral, no tilting or rotation
what is the ideal posture anteriorly for the trunk
neutral no side bending or rotationn
what is the ideal posture anteriorly for the knees
neutral
no varus/valgus
what is the ideal posture anteriorly for the feet
Facing forward (slight turn out), neutral, no pronation/supination
if the toes areny facinng forward, what problems can taht caus
bad balance collapsed arch (injure ligs, plantar fascitis, strain of med muscles rib post (shin splints)
what is the carrying angle
Carrying angle is a small degree of cubitus valgus, formed between the axis of a radially deviated forearm and the axis of the humerus.
do men of women have a larger carrying angle
women (10-15)
men (5-10)
with gunstock deformity is there a greater or smaller carrying angle
smaller
what problems can be caused by genu valgum
acl ,mcl tear amd medial menisucs (unhaooy triad)
what problem can be caused by genu varum
LCL injury
what is the ideal posture laterally for the head
neutral positionn, not tilted forward or back
what is the ideal posture laterally for the cervical spine/lumbar spine
normal curve, slighty convex anteriorly
what is the ideal posture laterally for the thoracic spine
normal curve, slightly convex posteriorly
what is the ideal posture laterally for the pelvis
neutral position, anterior superior spone in the same vertical plane as symphysis pubic
what is the ideal posture laterally for the hip joints
neutral, neither flexed no r extended
what is the ideal posture laterally for the knee joints
neutral positionn, neither flexed nor hyper extended
whwhat is the ideal posture laterally for the ankle joints
neutral position, leg vertical and at right angle to the sole of the foot
what is another name for forward head posture
upper cross syndrome
in upper cross syndrome, what muscles are weaknnessed
deep neck flexors
scapular muscles and depressors
in upper cross syndrome, what muscles are overactive
pectoral group
upper traps and leveator scap (back extensors)
what is pelvic balance anteriorly
abdominal muscle pull upward and
hip flexors pull downwards
what is pelvic balance psoteriorly
back muscles pull upward
hip extensors pull downwards
what is anterior tilt
tight back extensors and hip flexors
weak abs and glutes and hams
what is posterior tilt
tight abdominals and hip extensors (glutes and hams)a
anterior pelvis tilt causes what of the back
lordosus
in Kyphotic-Lordotic Posture, what muscles are elongated
- Neck flexors
- Upper back erector spinae
- External oblique
- Hamstrings
in kyphotic lordotic posure, what muscles are shortened
- Neck extensors
- Hip flexors
- Low back
in kyphotic-lordosis posture there is kyphosis where
at the head (cevical/ thoracic)
in kyphotic-lordosis posture there is lordosis where
lumbar
in flat back posture, what is elongated
1 joint hip flexors
in flat back postures, what msucels are short
hamstrings and abdominal muscles
in flat back posture what happens to the curves of the spine
lose lordosis and kyphosis of th e spine
in sway back posture there is anterior or posterior pelvic tilt
postierior
in kyphpsis-lordosis posture, there is anterior or posterior pelvic tilv
anterior
in sway back posture, the greater trocanter goes forward or backwards
forward
what is the position of the head in sway back psoture
forward
what is the position of the cervical spine in sway back psoture
hyper extended
what is the position of the thoracic vert in sway back psoture
slight flexion
what is the position of the lumbar vertbra in sway back psoture
slightly extension
what is the position of the pelvis in sway back psoture
posterior tild and anterior to midline
what is the position of the hips in sway back psoture
hyper extended
what is the position of the knees in sway back psoture
hyperextended
what is the position of the ankles in sway back psoture
slightly plantar flexed
genu recurvatum is what position of the knee
hyperextension of the knee
genu recurvatum is hyperextension of the knee that causes what to the pelvis and back
anterior pelvic tilt and back ectension
what injuries are common in genu recurvatum
acl and pcl
what muscles are strentced in genu recurvatum
stretched hams and gastroc
what is kyphosis
accentuation of the thoracic curve
what are the causes of kyphosis
congenitcal
idiopathic Uknown
seconndary to osteropororis
what condition has kyphosis
scheumans disease
kyphosis causes deformation of what
Deformation of either vertebral
bodies or anterior and posterior
vertebral elements
what type of atheletes are prone to kyphosis
Athletes with over developed
pectoral muscles are also prone
to this condition
what is the ideal posterior posture of the head
erect, nneither tilted or rotated
what is the ideal posterior posture of the spine (CTL)
draw a straight line down
what is the ideal posterior posture of the shoulders
neither elevated or depressed
what is the ideal posterior posture of the scapula
medial border 3-4 inches apart
what is the ideal posterior posture of the pelvus
both PSIS in nthe same transverse planes
what is the ideal posterior posture of the hips
neutral, not abducted, adducted
what is the ideal posterior posture of the knees
not bowed or knock kneed
what is the ideal posterior posture of the feet
parallel or sligh toe out
