Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

CATA 263 > lecture 13: wrist and hand > Flashcards

lecture 13: wrist and hand Flashcards

1
Q

what are some examples of how hand and wrist play an intergral role in ADL

A
  • Gripping
  • Fine motor control
  • End of kinetic chain
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the main joint of the hand/wrist

A

radiocarpal joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what are the most commonly injured carpal bone

A

scaphoid and lunar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what does the dorsal radiocarpal lg resist

A

flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what does the palmar radiocarpal ligament resist

A

hyperextension

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

where does the ulnar nerve pass through

A

pisiform and hook iof the hammate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what does the median nerve pass

A

carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

where does the radial nerve pass

A

posterio half of the dorsal aspect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is the common MOI of colles fracture

A

foosh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is the position of the radius in a colles fracture

A

distal radius is driven dorsally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

who is the vulnerable population for colles fracture

A

vulnerable children/adolescence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

whtat are the SS of colles fracture

A

• S/S- pain with movement,
decreased grip strength, swelling,
deformity, sharp pain, feel of
cracking sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what is the treatment for colles fracture

A

splint it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

if there is obvious deformity in a colles fracture do you do a tap test

A

no

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is considered a reverse colles frcature

A

smoth fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

what is the positionn of the radius in a smith fractuere/reverse colles

A

the radius gets driven palmarly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what is the MOI for smith fracture/reverse colles

A

falling with wrist flexed

ex: runnning back lands in flexed postion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what are the SS of Smith fracute

A

S/S: pain with movement, decrease grip strength, swelling, deformity,
sharp pain, cracking sensation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

smith fracture is a reverse BLANK

A

reverse colles fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

true or false: manteggia fracture is considered a fracture dislocattion

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

explain why monteggia frcature is considered a fracture dislocation

A

Fracture of proximal 3rd of ulna

• Dislocation of radial head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

what is the MOI for monteggia fracture

A

FOOSh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

what is the big danger of a menteggia fracture

A

might lead to a compartment synfrome (because of the hemmoraging/swelling which compresses the structures)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

what are the SS of monteggia fracture

A

Rapid swelling, protective spasm, discoloration, unwillingness to
move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

what is the treatment for monteggia fracture

A

splint and check PMSX

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

if you fracture the ulna what nerve is affected

A

ulnar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

if you fracture the radius, what nerve is affect

A

radial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

a fracture of the ulna and dislocation of the radius togethere is what type of fracture

A

monteggia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

true or false: galeazzi fracture is not considered a fracture discloation

A

false, it is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

explain why galeazzi fracture is considered a fracture dislocation

A

Fracture of distal 1/3 of the radius

• Dislocation of the distal ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

fracutre of the radius and dislocation of the ulna is what fracture

A

galeazzi fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

what is the MOI for galeazzi

A

FOOSH `

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

what is the SS of galaezzi fracture

A

Rapid swelling, protective spasm, unwilling to move, discoloration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

wht is the most common mass or lump in the hand./wrist

A

ganglion cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

what is a ganglion cyst

A

non cancerous anf fluid filled cyst

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

what do ganglion cysts arrise from

A

the ligaments

  • joint lining
  • tendon sheaths when irritated or inflamed (friction)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

true or false: ganglion cysts are permanent

A

false, thy can disapear or change quickly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

what is the treatment if the ganglion is nonn painful

A

no treatment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

what is the treatment if the ganglion is painful

A

surgical removal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

what percentage of carpal fractures involve the scapohid

A

70%

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

70% of carpal fractures involve what bone

A

scaphoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

what do 70% of carpal fractures involve scapohid

A

because of its roll in bonny block limiting wrist extensionn

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

what is the MOI for scaphoid

A

FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

what carpal bonen has the largest articulation with the wrist

A

scaphoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

true or false: scaphoid bones heal very good

A

false, usually dont because there is not good supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

what part of the scaphoid heals better and why

A

the distal part ebcaue there is more blood supply

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

there is high incidence of what inn the scaphoid fracuetre

A

High incidence of non union

fractures and malunion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

fractures compromise blood supply to the proximal or distal end of the scapohid

A

proximal end

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

scaphoid gets blood supply from what artery

A

radial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

true or false: scapohid does not often show up on the 1st xray

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

a fractured scaphoid can lead to instability of what

A

proximal row

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

unresolved fractures or impaired circulation of the scaphoid can lead to what disease

A

preiser disease

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

what is preisers disease

A

avascular necrossi of the scaphoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

what are the SS of scaphoid fractures

A

Point tenderness in anatomical snuffbox

• Swelling

• Pain with thumb extension and abduction and wrist extension and radial
deviation

• Decrease grip strength

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

hook of the hammate fracture is common in what sprots

A

where gripping and vibration occur (batting and cycling)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

what are the SS of hook of the hammate fracture

A

Pt tender on palmar aspect

• Potentially ulnar nerve
involvement

  • Pain with wrist flexion
  • Pain with opposition
  • Pain with gripping
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

what nerve runs near the hook of the hammate

A

ulnar nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
58
Q

what nerve is potentially involved in hook of the hammate fracture

A

ulnar

59
Q

in what anatomical location will there be pain for scaphoid

A

in anatomical snuffbox

60
Q

what is a boxers fracture

A

Fracture to the neck of the 5th metacarpal (sometimes the 4th)

61
Q

what is the MOI for boxers fracture

A

axial loading at metacarpal

62
Q

what are the SS of boxers fracture

A

Depression where knuckle should be

  • Swelling over the knuckle
  • Decreased ability to make a fist
63
Q

what fracture is assocaited with depression where the knuckles should be

A

boxers fracture

64
Q

Lunate dislocation occurs when BLANK

A

he lunate dissociates from the connecting carpals

65
Q

in a lunate dislocation does the lunate displace forward (palmar) or dorssal

A

forward

66
Q

perilunate dislocations occur when…

A

the proximal row of carpals is

being stripped from the lunate

67
Q

in a periluante dislocation, the capals displace where

A

dorsally compred to the lunate

68
Q

what is the MOI for lunate dislocationn

A

Forced hyperextension of the wrist

ex: gymast

69
Q

true or false: in a lunate dislocation, the lunate can only dislocate dorsally

A

false, also palmarly

70
Q

in a lunate dislocation, what ligaments are ruptured

A

rupturing of the palmar itnerosses ligaments

71
Q

what ligamnets connect scapohid to lunate

A

palmar interosseous ligaments

72
Q

what is the MOI for perilunate discloation

A

forced hyperextension of the wrist (ex: blockin)

73
Q

what is the displacement of the pernilucate dislocationn

A

Displacement of the carpals
DORSALLY compared to the
lunate

74
Q

what ae the SS of perilunate and lunate

A

Obvious deformity

  • Swelling
  • Complaining of a sprained wrist
  • Median nerve irritation
  • Limited wrist extension
  • Point tenderness over the lunate
  • Pain increases with gripping
75
Q

where will thre be pain in a perilunate and lunate dislocation

A

point tenderness over lunate

76
Q

what nerve might be irritated in perilunate/lunate dislocation

A

median nerve

77
Q

in a wrist sprain, where is the most common ligamentous instability

A

between the scaphoid and lunate

78
Q

what are the SS of wrist sprain

A

Complain of pain and instability in
the wrist

• Weakness in the wrist during
functional tasks

79
Q

what is keinblocks disease

A

avascular necrosis of the lunate bone

80
Q

what is avascular necrosis of the lunate bone called

A

keinbocks disease

81
Q

true or false: keinbocks comes primarely or secodnary to dislocation

A

secondary

82
Q

true or false: keinbocks disease pain is acute

A

false, gradual onset

83
Q

what are the SS of keinbocks disease

A

Chronic wrist ache
• Pain over lunate
• Pain when tapping 3rd metacarpal
• Decrease ROM, decrease grip strength

84
Q

in a keinbocks disease ther would be pain when tapping where

A

onn the 3rd metacarpal

85
Q

what does TFCC stand for

A

Triangular Fibrocartilaginous Complex Injury

TFCC

86
Q

what is Triangular Fibrocartilaginous Complex Injury

TFCC

A

rotational stress to the distal radioulnar joint that forces ulnar deviation with rotation

87
Q

what is the MOI of Triangular Fibrocartilaginous Complex Injury
(TFCC)

A

Fall onto pronated hyperextended wrist (FOOSH)

• Distraction applied to forearm/wrist

88
Q

what are the SS of TFCC injury

A

Painful grinding or clicking with wrist ROM
• Especially extension and ulnar deviation (Active and passive)

  • Weakness in RROM especially in extension and ulnar deviation
  • Maybe okay if in neutral position
  • Pain pushing up from a chair or weight bearing
  • Ulnar deviation causes clicking and wrist pain

• Point tenderness distal to the ulna along the medial one half of the wrist joint
line

89
Q

where will there be point tenderness for a TFCC innjury

A

Point tenderness distal to the ulna along the medial one half of the wrist joint
line

90
Q

what is the function of the ulnar and radial collateral ligaments

A

help to stabilizr the radiocarpal joitn

91
Q

how can the ulnar/radial collateral ligaments be injuryed

A

through repetitive ulnar and radial deviateion

92
Q

what are the SS of ulnar/radial. collateral ligaments sprain in wrist

A

Pain with valgus and varus stress tests

  • Pain with ulnar and radial deviation (stretching of ligament)
  • Feeling of instability of the wrist
93
Q

where are the locations that ulnar nevre compression can occur

A

happen at the elbow and the wrist

94
Q

ulnar nerve runs through the tunnel of ///

A

guyon

95
Q

what can mimic ulnar nerve entrapment

A

cyclist palsy

96
Q

true or false; cyclist palsy usually resolves after the ride

A

true

97
Q

ehat are the SS of ulnar nerve compression

A

Burning or numbness in 4&5th finger

  • Atrophy of the hypothenar eminence
  • Decrease grip strength
98
Q

atrophy os the hypothenar eminence is assocaited to what condition

A

ulnar nerve compression

99
Q

what is carpal tunnel syndrom

A

compression of the median nerve throug hthe carpal tunnel

100
Q

what is the MOI for carpal tunnel

A

Overuse- typing, repetitive flexion/extension

  • Fluid retention- pregnant women
  • Secondary to trauma- swelling
101
Q

what are the SS of carpal tunnel syndrome

A 
Tinel’s sign positive
• Numbness and tingling
• Progressive weakness of the thenar muscles
• Maybe TOS!
( taping over nerd
thoracic outlet syndrome
102
Q

what is tinels sign

A

tapping over nerve

103
Q

gymnasts wrist usually occurs in whta population

A

young gymnasts

104
Q

what is the MOI for gymnasts wrist

A

repetitive extension of the wrist

105
Q

what is a gymnasts wrists

A

Dorsal Radio carpal
Impingement Syndrome/Distal
Radial Epiphyseal Plate Fracture

106
Q

what are the SS of gymnasts wrist

A

Activity related pain at dorsum of the wrist (in ext)

  • Point tender along dorsum of radio carpal joint
  • Sharp pain with abrupt extension of the wrist
  • Swelling
107
Q

gymnasts wrist gets sharp pain in what motion of the wrist

A

abrupt extension of the wrist

108
Q

what is another name for an ulnar collateral ligament sprin (MCP)

A

game keeper thumb

109
Q

true or false: game keepers thumb is both acute and chronic

A

true

110
Q

what is the MOI for game keepers thumb

A

Hyperextension or hyper abduction

of the first MCP joint

111
Q

what are the SS of UCL sprain of 1ts MCP joint

A
  • Pain along ulnar aspect of 1st MCP
  • Localized swelling
  • Loss of grip strength
  • Possible ecchymosis

• Pain during active extension,
abduction and opposition

  • Weakness in MCP flexion and adduction, pinch grip decreased
  • Passive pain with thumb extension and abduction
112
Q

what is dequervain;s tenosynovitis

A

Tenosynovitis of the extensor pollucis brevis and abductor pollucis longus tendons

• First extensor compartment

113
Q

what is the MOI for dequervain tenosynovitis

A

Repetitive radial deviation
(New moms)

  • Pregnancy- fluid retention
  • Maybe associated with inflammatory arthritis
114
Q

what is finkelsteins test

A

hich you bend your thumb across the palm of your hand and bend your fingers down over your thumb. Then you bend your wrist toward your little finger

115
Q

what atre the SS of dequervainns syndrome

A

Swelling over styloid process of radius

• Pain over styloid process of radius and dorsum of thumb

• Radial and ulnar deviation of the wrist is painful
(As well as flexion, extension, abduction of the thumb)

116
Q

where will there be pain in dequervainns (bone)

A

over the styloid process of radius

117
Q

what is bennets fracure

A

fracture of the base of the 1st metacarpal (ex: jamming ur finger)

118
Q

what frscture is simular to a bennetts fracture

A

scaphoid

119
Q

what is the MOI for bennetts fractuere

A

Axial compression of the metacarpal

  • Direct trauma
  • Hyperextension of the thumb
120
Q

what is the MOI for collateral ligamnent injuries of the finter

A

Stress applied to extended finger

• Valgus and varus stress

121
Q

what are the SS for collateral ligament injuries of the finger

A

Pain with active and passive motions

• Swelling, ecchymosis

122
Q

figner dislocation is common inn what finger joints

A

Can occur to PIP, DIP or MCP joints

123
Q

whta is treament for fingner dislocation

A

splint

124
Q

as an AT should you reduce a fingner dislocation

A

no , not legally permitted

125
Q

what is a boutonnieres deformity

A

A rupture of the central extensor tendon causes the lateral bands to slip
palmarly on each side of the PIP joint
• Changes line of pull on this joint from an extensor to a flexor
•

126
Q

what is the position ofnthe finger in boutonniere deformity

A

Resulting in extension of DIP and MCP and flexion of the

127
Q

mallet finger is the avulsion/rupture of what tendon

A

an extension tendon (distally)

128
Q

mallet finger results in the inability to do wht

A

fully extend the distal phalanx

129
Q

what is the MOI for mallet finger

A

dDIP forced into flexion

ex: finger struck by ball

130
Q

rupture of distal exttensor tenden of the finger leads to what

A

mallet finger

131
Q

jersey finger is the avulsion what what

A

Avulsion of the flexor digitorum profundus tendon off the palmar
aspect of the DIP join

132
Q

jersey fingrs causes the inability to flex what joint

A

DIP

133
Q

what is the MOI for jersey finer

A

finger forced into hyperexension (grabbing another jersey)

134
Q

what are the SS for jersey finger

A 
On observation looks normal
• Finger painful
• Possible swelling
• Fingers appear to flex and extend
normal

Isolation of DIP joint- patient is
unable to actively flex

135
Q

what is the only injury that on observation it looks normal

A

jersey finger

136
Q

how do you treat jersey finget?

A

splint

137
Q

what is swam neck deformity

A

Hyperextended PIP joint and

flexed DIP joint

138
Q

which two conditions/deformities are the opposites of eacb other

A

swan neck deformity and boutonnniere

139
Q

what are some conditions that loosen structures aroung PIP joint that cause hyperextension

A

Weaken volar plate
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Chronic inflammation

140
Q

what is trigger finger

A

snapping flexor tendons

141
Q

wht is the MOI for triigger finger

A

trauma to palmar aspect of
hand, or repetitive clenching of
fingers (ex: lifting)

142
Q

what is the result of a trigger finger

A

Thickening of the tendon sheath
• Prevents tendon from sliding in
annular ligaments
• nodule

143
Q

what posistion if your finger locked in on trigger finger

A

locked in flexion

CATA 263 (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions