lecture 16: skin conditios Flashcards
(142 cards)
1
Q
what are skin conditions caused by
A
bacteria
virus
fungi
2
Q
skin contions result from what type of reactions
A
Mechanical reactions (ex: laceration)
• Allergic reactions
• Environmental reactions (wind and sunburn)
• Chemical reactions (ex: glue)
3
Q
what does the skin protect us from
A
bacterial, fungi and viruses from outside environment
4
Q
skin helps regulate what
A
regulate body temp
5
Q
skin prevents loss of waht
A
fluids and nutrients
6
Q
skin aids in transmission of what
A
info from outside environment to the brainn
7
Q
what are the 2 main forms of bacteria in bacterial infectionns
A
Staphylococcal infection
• Streptococcal
8
Q
what are some examples of. Staphylococcal infection
A
Clumps on skin, Upper respiratory tract infections, and in lesions which contain pus
9
Q
what are some exam[les of • Streptococcal infection
A
• Serious systemic diseases, such as scarlet fever
10
Q
bacterial infections live on what
A
skin
mucous membranes
11
Q
what type of bacteria is more local on the skin
A
staphylococcal infection
12
Q
what type of bcaterial is more systmic
A
strepcoccal
13
Q
where can you find mucous memebranes
A
nose mouth geneitcals
14
Q
what is an absess
A
• Collection of pus occurring in a
localized infection
15
Q
true or false: absess can only affect the back skin
A
false, can affect any tissue in the body
16
Q
absseess is assocated with tissue BLANK
A
desctruction
17
Q
what are the SS of absess
A
encapsulated pocket of pus,
pain, swelling and fever
18
Q
who experiences acne most commonly
A
adolescents
19
Q
why are adolescents experienceing acne more commonly
A
androgen creationn=increase sebum procution
20
Q
what is ane caused by
A
excessive sebum protection
21
Q
excesive sebum production is secondary to waht
A
- Hormonal imbalance
- Follicular blockage
- Inflammation
22
Q
an open follicle is a BLANK head
A
balck head
23
Q
a closed follicle is a BLANK head
A
white haed
24
Q
what are some SS of acne
A
Blackheads, obstructed follicles
• White heads, follicles filled withcellular debris=Become pimples
25
what is onychia
Onychia- inflammation of matrix of nail plate
26
what is • Paronychia- i
nvolves lateral
border or nail fold
(ex: hangnail)
27
true or false: onychia and paronchyia can be both bacterial and fungal
true
28
what are the SS of onychia and paronchia
```
Pain, swelling, redness, may
have pus (secondary infection)
```
29
what is folliculitis
Infection of upper portion of hair follicle
30
what bacteria is associtiated with folliculitis
staphylococci
31
what is an ingrown hear
hair grows inwards
32
what types of har usually cause folliculitis
short coarse har (armpits, back, chest, neck, thights)
33
what is the MOI for ingrown
friction (shaving, clothingn)
34
what are the SS of folliculis
pustile, redness, swlling
35
what are faruncles
boils
| deep folliculitis
36
what is a complication of follulitus
carbuncles
37
what are carbuncles
comp;icatios of folliculitis
| several furuncles merge
38
how are carbuncles created
from frictior or repeated bluntt trauma
39
what are the SS of faruncles and carbuncles
pus
| tender to touch
40
what bacteria is assocaited with furuncles and carbuncles
staphylococci
41
which condition causes a similar feeling to comparement syndrome
cellulitis
42
what is cellulits
painful infectio of the deep dermis
43
what baceteria is assocaited with cellulits
streptococci
44
what are the SS of cellulits
• Break in the skin (wounds, tinea infections etc.)
• Intense pain
• Fever, lymphangitis
hot to touch
45
true or false: impetigo contagiousa is not contagous
false, highly contagious
46
what is impetigo
bacteria skin inflammation
47
where is impetigo contagiosa common in sports
wrestling, football,
| rugby, swimming and gymnastics
48
true or false: only streptococci is the bacteria of impetigo
false, only staphylococcus
49
how is impetigo transmitted though
Direct contact, sharing towel, clothing or equipment, or after a skin injury (insect bite, abrasion etc.)
50
what are the SS of impetigo
* Fluid filled vesicles (Can form into blisters)
* Painful
* Itchy
* Crusty (Eventually disappears and red marks are there and heal without scarring
51
what palces are impetigo common
buttock
face
extremeities
52
what does MRSA stand for
Methicillin- resistant
| Staphyloccus aureus
53
what is MRSA
Strain of staph bacteria that has become resistant to antibiotics
54
what happens when there is breakout of the skin in MRSA
When breakout of the skin
occurs, the bacterium invades
the body producing a skin
infection (abscess or cellulitis) or systemic infection
55
how is MRSA spread
from skin to skin ocntract
56
what are the SS of MRSA
• Small red bumps that resemble
pimples, boils or spider bites
* Turn into deep painful abscesses (Require drainage)
* Can be life threatening
57
how should you clean bacterial infection
cleased with soap and water
58
when should you witthold from PA with skin condtions
when they are contagious
```
Withheld from physical activity if
satellite locations, cellulitis,
conjunctivitis, weeping lesion,
large or multiple, honey-crusted
• Furuncles/carbuncles
```
59
what should you avoid to manage backteria infections
**Avoid sharing towels, walking
around with bare feet, cover all
open wounds
60
before going back to play, there needs to be no new skin lesions for how long
48 hours
61
before going back to school, person needs to complette 72 hours of what
antibiotic treatment
62
what are the causes of fungi infections
yeast and molds
63
fungi infections often attack waht regions
hair
nails
skin
64
what are the 3 main categories of fungi
* Dermatophytes
* Candidiasis
* Tinea versicolor
65
how are fungal skin conditions identified by
Identified by small patches of erythema, scaling and severe itching
66
true or false: most fungal skin conditions are not contagious
false, they usually are
67
fungi thrives in what environments
dark, warm, moist
68
what is tinea unguium
Fungal infection of the nail beds
| or nail
69
where is tinea ungunium common
among swimmers,
communal showers, chronic
tinea pedis or wear occlusive
footwear
70
what are the SS of tinea unguium
pain with activity and aesthietic concerns
71
what is tinea pedis
atheltes foot
72
what is the Most frequent fungal infection in
| athletic population
tinea pedis
73
where is tinea pedis common in the body
Web spaces, plantar/dorsal
| surface of toes, midfoot vessels
74
what are the SS of tinea pedis
• S/S- Itchy, scaling/peeling and cracking fissures
75
what is atheltes foot fanncy name
tinea pedis
76
what is the fungal infection of nail beds called
tinea ungium
77
what is the fancy name for jock itch
tinea cruris
78
what body part is invovled of tinea cruris
genitalia
79
where is tinea cruris typically seen
Typically seen in obese adult men and male athletes
BUT Females have been reporting increased
prevalence
80
true or false: tight restrive clothing can cause tinea cruris
true
81
what are some SS of tinea crurir
Perspiration
• Reddening, scaling, itching
thick dark lesions
82
tinea corposis has what shape patches
circualr
83
tinea corporis is of the BLANK
of the body
84
tinea capitis is of the BLANK
head
85
what sport is at higher risk of tinea corposis
wrestlers
86
what are the SS of tinea corporis
redness, dry scaling, hypopigmenteed,
| sloghtly eleveated borders
87
tinea capitis is common is who
children
88
tinea capitus is caused by contamination, give some examples
brushes
combs
animals
89
what are the SS of tinea capitis
grey scales, bald patches
90
tinea versicolor stems from what
yeast
91
what is tinea versicolor
Common pigmentation disorder
| worldwide “sun spots”
92
what promits the growth of yeast causing tinea versicolor
Excessive heat, humidity and oily skin
| promote the growth of this organism
93
what are some commonly affectd parts of the body of tinea versicolor
Trunk, back of head, back, and upper extremities
94
is tinea versicolor contagious?>
no
95
what is candidiasis caused by
yeast function
96
where is candidiasis commonly found
in skin molds
97
where is candidiasis more commonly found
in women in swimsuits or competiton uniform for lung times
98
what are the SS of candidias
deep beefy red color lesion
99
what is the danger of candidiasis
Left untreated can be life threatening
| systemic disease
100
what does candidiasis cause (in terms of lesion)
Produce lesion on the skin or mucous membranes or in the vagina
101
what types of meds can you use for fungal connditions
antifungal meds
102
what are the genertal managements for fungal conditions
* Antifungal medications
* Changing the warm, moist environment
* Wash involved area 4-5 times/day and after physical exertion
* Ensure areas are dry
103
what are some ways to prveent fungal infections
* Shower after every practice/competitions
* Dry feet, hands, groin, arms, and breasts thoroughly
* Use antifungal powder
* Change socks/underwear daily
* Wear street shoes that allow ventilation
* Disinfect shower area, dressing room, and AT room
* Never go barefoot in shower or locker room
104
what are virus infections
Invade living cells and multiple until they kill the cell
• Burst out to re-infect other cells or lie dormant within the cell without
ever causing an infection
105
herpes simplex encompasses how many diff virusus
80
106
true ro false: herpes simplex is not contagious
false, it is hihgly contagious
107
what are the 2 common types of herpes sumplex
HSV1
| HSV2
108
explain HSV1
* HSV-1
* Cold sores (lips, nose, chin)
* Shows up 1-3x/year
* Approx 1/3 of new cases of genital herpes
109
explain HSCV 2
* HSV-2
* Causes 2/3 of all new Genital herpes cases
* Around 5x/year
110
how is herpes simplex transmitted
skin to skin ocnntact
111
what is incubation period for herpes simplex
2-12 days
112
how does the incubation period for herpes usually begin
with bruning, strinigng, tenderness and itching
113
during latent state of herpes are there any symptoms
no but virus can spread
114
can herpes veirus spread even wihtout symtpoms
yes
115
how often do herpes reoccur
regularly (even montly)
116
what are some triggers of herpes simplex
Triggers- stress, fatigue, sunlight exposure, food allergies, impaired immune
system, hormonal changes, pregnancy
117
whatt is the fancy name for shingles
herpes zoster
118
herpes zoster is also known nas
shingles
119
explai ntthe relationship between chickenpox and herpes zoster
The varicella virus, after a case of the chickenpox can retreat into the
nerve roots, where it lies dormant
120
what is herpes zoster
Blister like lesions that erupt along dermatomes (usually T3-L3) in the
trunk
• Lesions that crust over (infectious until crust over)
• May also have headache, malaise, swollen lymph nodes and low grade fever
121
whatt is verrucae virus
type of HPV virus (rapid growth of cells on outer layer of skin)
122
what ar the SS of verrucae virus
* Common on hands, feet
* Pressure on warts cause pain
* Subjected to secondary bacterial infection
123
what is plana
flat water
124
what is plantaris
plantar warm
125
what is the incubation periof of verruca virus
several weeks to 5 years after explosire
126
verrucae virus results in waht
a wart
127
true or false: viruses exit the body
false, they sta in the body
128
what type of meds are usually for management of viral skin conditionsn
antiviral meds (herpes simplex/zoster)
129
do the antiviral meds cure the disease (herpex)
no decrease SS and tramisions risk
130
do not clear to play players with viral skin contions until what
Do not clear to play until they are free of systemic symptoms (i.e. fever)
and the no new lesions for at least 72 hours, and no moist lesions and have
completed a minimum of 120 hours of systemic antiviral therapy
131
what can precipitaty herpez zoster in young personns
HIV
132
what is chafing caused by
• Caused by friction by fabric against moist warm skin
133
what is eczema
acute or chronic innflammatory conditon of the skin (dry and flaky)
134
are chafing anx eczema cotnagious
no
135
what are athletes nodules
Asymptomatic, dermal nodules found at various sites of the body that
encounter minor trauma
136
what are the causes of atheltes nodules
recurrent fuction/trauma
137
what is the treatment for ahteltes nodules
protective pads
138
what is psiorias
Chronic, distressing skin disorder can affect skin, tendons, ligament, and joints
• Rapid buildup of rough, dry, dead skin cells
139
what is hyperhyrosis
excessive perspirationn
140
what are common aras affected by hyperhydrosis
palsm axillary
141
why can hyperhydrosis interfere with sprots
gripping etc
142
what are some causes of hyperhydrosis
hereditary foods menopause setc
