Lecture 15: Cognition Flashcards
what is cognition
ability of the brain to process, store, retrieve and
manipulate information
what are the 3 major components of cognition
attention
memory
executive function
what is orientation
Recognition of one’s self with regard to time, place and person within one’s environment
what is the most common sequence of recovery of orientation following brain injury
person
place
time
how can orientation issues be treated
eternal aids (labled pictures, calendars)
Establish a consistent daily routine and personal environment
what is focused attention
the ability to focus on a stimulus
what is Sustained attention (vigilance)
the ability to maintain attention for a long time.
what is selective attention
sorting out and focusing on the relevant sensory stimuli in the environment
what is Alternating attention
the ability to shift focus from one stimulus to another
(chopping vegetables while periodically checking food on stove)
what is divided attention
the ability to pay attention to more than one task at the same time
what amount of time is considered to be a vigilant period
30 seconds
what are the 4 stages of memory
attention
encoding
storage
retrieval
is our working memory using short or long term memory
short term
what is semantic memory
memory for facts
what is episodic memory
memory for events that have happened to you; organized temporally
what is procedurel memory
memory about how to do something
what is prospective memory
emembering to carry out future intentions
what is retrograde amnesia
losing previously made memories
what is anterograde amnesia
you can’t form new memories
* hyppocampus not working
what is post traumatic amnesia
tate of confusion that occurs immediately following a TBI
- person is disoriented and unable to remember events that occur after the injury
what are some intervention strategies for memory
internal (rehearsal, visual imagery)
external (checklists, alarms)
what is metacognition
Person’s understanding and manipulation of their own cognitive and perceptual processes
what is chaining
technique of breaking the task down into steps and teaching each step one by one.
forward (the client completes the first step, then the OT does the rest, and the next time they do one more)
backward (the OT does all aspects except the last step, and the client does the last step, then the one before that as well)
