Lecture 15 Flashcards
What happens to a drug after it is ingested? What is the journey it takes through?
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What does reduced adsorption of the drug across the gut lead to?
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What is first pass metabolism?
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What is a pro-drug?
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What are the different ways in which drugs are administrated, distributed and eliminated? What is the flow chart between them?
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What is drug recall? How often does it happen? What are the reasons?
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What are the main adverse effects which lead to drug recall?
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What is hepatotoxicity?
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What is Cardiotoxicity?
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What is Nephrotoxicity?
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What is Dermatological toxicity?
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How likely to predict how badly someone would respond to a drug?
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What can multiple organs together on a chip be used for?
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How to check the effects of a failing kidney?
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How to check whether the metabolites from the liver is toxic to the heart?
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How to check whether other organs/tissues are affects by a particular drug?
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What about warfare? How are organs on chips be able to be used for it?
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Where is the research going with organs on chips?
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What needs to be considered if focusing on integrating systems onto one chip?
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What cell types can be inputted into organ chips? What would this mean the future of?
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What is an example of integration of organs together onto one chip? What were they focusing on?
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What were the requirements of the system therefore?
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How was the bioassay developed? What is the structure like?
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What were the specific target cells?
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What were the goals?
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Why this system may not be the best and is faulted at some point? What is a solution to this especially in the context of breast cancer cells?
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How did they assemble and develop the bioassay system representing the intestine, liver and breast cancer tissue?
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What are the ways in which the Bioassay could be assessed whether the different cell types are doing anything?
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What were the two drugs which was used to test the system?
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What did the system show about the two drugs?
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What does this mean about the system?
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How could the system be improved though?
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What are other groups trying to do to make a system in a different way?
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What is the problem with this?
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What are the goals?
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What is the vascular network like in actual tissues? How does this pose a problem for the development of a chip system replicating this?
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What is the goal when developing a system including the vascular system?
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What is a way in which vascular system could be integrated?
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What are 3D sacrificial moulding?
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What is the criteria for 3D sacrificial moulding? What material satisfies these criteria?
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What is a problem with the currently developed 3D sacrificial moulding lattices?
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What is the method of the hepatic vascular system?
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How was the hepatic vascular system’s efficacy tested? What was the experiment? What did it show?
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In what way did the hepatic vascular system mimic the actual vascular system well?
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How did the hepatic vascular system not mimic the actual vascular system well?
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How was this problem overcome?
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What was goal 2? How to create a diverse pool?
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What happens if you have a skin biopsy from a patient? How do you generate several organs on chips for cross comparison?
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How to difference IPSCs into cells of interest i.e. hepatocytes? What were the problem with these hepatocytes?
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How was this problem solved?
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What helped the foetal like hepatocytes mature?
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How was the integrated cardiac and liver made?
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What is this integrated cardiac and liver model show?
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