Lecture 15 3/6/24 Flashcards
Where is the main blood supply found in the equine limb?
on the flexor angle
What is the primary blood supply of the equine thoracic limb?
-axillary a.
-brachial a.
-median a.
-medial palmar a.
Why is it important that the cephalic vein is located on the horse’s chest?
damage can occur if the horse runs into something
What is the primary blood supply of the equine pelvic limb?
-external iliac a.
-femoral a.
-popliteal a.
-cranial tibial a.
-dorsal pedal a.
-dorsal metatarsal a.
What are the characteristics of the dorsal metatarsal artery?
-main supply of distal hind limb and digital arteries
-runs in lateral groove between cannon bone and MT4
-can be used to feel pulse
Which arteries give rise to the medial and lateral plantar arteries?
-saphenous a.
caudal tibial a.
Which nerves are located in the thoracic limb?
-suprascapular n.
-axillary n.
-radial n.
-ulnar n.
-median n.
-musculocutaneous n.
What is “shoulder sweeney?”
atrophy of the shoulder muscles due to damage to the suprascapular n.
Which thoracic limb nerves are paired in the equine?
median and musculocutaneous
Which nerves are located in the pelvic limb?
-cranial gluteal n.
-caudal gluteal n.
-femoral n.
-obturator n.
-sciatic n.
-common peroneal n.
-tibial n.
Which nerves split off of the sciatic n.?
-common peroneal n.
-tibial n.
Where does the common peroneal n. run?
to the craniolateral muscles of the crus
What does the tibial n. divide into?
medial and lateral plantar nerves
Which nerves are found in the distal limb?
-medial and lateral palmar/plantar nerves
-medial and lateral palmar metacarpal/plantar metatarsal
-medial and lateral digital nerves
Which fibers make up the lateral palmar n.?
median and ulnar nn. fibers
Which fibers make up the medial palmar n.?
median n. fibers
What is the ramus communicans?
nerve branch connecting the medial palmar/plantar nerve to the lateral palmar/plantar nerve
Which nerve gives rise to the medial and lateral palmar metacarpal/plantar metatarsal nerves?
lateral palmar/plantar nerve
What are the characteristics of the medial and lateral digital nerves?
-distinction begins at the fetlock joint
-dorsal branches of digital nerves
What are the characteristics of the palmar digital nerve block?
-most common forelimb block
-most distal block
-2 point block targeting medial and lateral palmar digital nn.
What are the characteristics of the abaxial sesamoidean nerve block?
-targets medial and lateral palmar digital nerves and their dorsal branches
-2 point block
What are the characteristics of the low palmar nerve block?
-“low 4 point” block
-targets medial and lateral palmar nn.
-targets medial and lateral palmar metacarpal nn.
-blocked at distal end of 2nd and 4th metacarpal bones
-needs to be blocked distally to ramus communicans
Where are the medial and lateral palmar digital nn. located?
-along dorsal border of SDF proximal to pastern joint
-along DDF distal to pastern joint
-in a groove formed by ligament of ergot and flexor tendons
Where are the medial and lateral palmar digital nn. blocked in an abaxial sesamoidean nerve block?
along the abaxial surface of the proximal sesamoid bones
Where are the palmar nn. located?
between the interosseous m. and DDF
Where are the palmar metacarpal nn. located?
deep to the 2nd and 4th metacarpal bones; become superficial at the distal ends
What are the characteristics of the high palmar nerve block?
-targets medial and lateral palmar nn.
-targets medial and lateral palmar metacarpal nn.
-blocked below carpus but above ramus communicans
Where are the palmar metacarpal nn. blocked for a high palmar nerve block?
between the 3rd MC bone, the interosseous m., and the respective splint bone
